(A) Effect of CHST15 siRNA on the expressions of CHST15 mRNAs at day 5. CHST15 siRNA or negative control siRNA was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) 2 days after DSS and mice were sacrificed at day 5. Statistical analyses using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparison test are shown; normal (no DSS; white bar) vs. negative control siRNA (DSS + control siRNA; black bar), negative control siRNA vs. CHST15 siRNA (DSS + CHST15 siRNA; blue bar). (B) Effect of CHST15 siRNA on serum IL-6 level at day 5. (C) Disease activity index (DAI). P<0.001; negative control siRNA vs. CHST15 siRNA by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparison test. (D) 3 components (fecal blood score, stool consistency score and % reduction of body weight). P<0.05 (in fecal blood score and body weight change); negative control siRNA vs. CHST15 siRNA by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparison test. (E) Left panels: Representative HE and immunostaining for ER-TR7 (brown), F4/80 (brown) and Ki-67 (red, double stained with ER-TR7) of the colon at day 5. Original magnifications, x100 for single staining and x400 for double staining. Asterisk indicates the lumen. Right panels: Effect of CHST15 siRNA on histological score, % of F4/80+ cells, % of ER-TR7+ cells and % of Ki-67+ cells in crypt at day 5. Results are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3~6). *p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001 vs. negative control siRNA treatment group by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparison test. Representative data were shown from 3 independent experiments.