Table 1. Analytic Sample Characteristics by Country and Between-country Differences, % or Mean (SD).
| Variable of Interest | Australia | Canada | Mexico | United States | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 1889 | n = 1787 | n = 1695 | n = 2088 | n = 7459 | |
| Agea, c, m | |||||
| 18–24 | 4% | 6% | 15% | 9% | 8% |
| 25–34 | 20% | 20% | 31% | 29% | 25% |
| 35–44 | 23% | 22% | 24% | 19% | 22% |
| 45–54 | 25% | 25% | 16% | 20% | 22% |
| 55–64 | 26% | 24% | 12% | 20% | 21% |
| Gender | |||||
| Female | 48% | 49% | 43% | 46% | 47% |
| Educationa, c, m | |||||
| High school or less | 32% | 25% | 22% | 24% | 26% |
| Some college or university | 38% | 44% | 16% | 36% | 34% |
| University or more | 29% | 30% | 60% | 39% | 39% |
| Incomea, c, m | |||||
| Low | 22% | 23% | 31% | 21% | 24% |
| Medium | 27% | 28% | 35% | 35% | 31% |
| High | 49% | 47% | 32% | 43% | 43% |
| Heaviness of Smoking Intensitya, m | 2.72 (1.62) | 2.30 (1.56) | 0.81 (1.23) | 2.32 (1.55) | 2.08 (1.66) |
| Recent quit attemptm | 35% | 38% | 52% | 37% | 40% |
| Quit intentionsm | 41% | 42% | 46% | 40% | 42% |
| Self-efficacya, m | 4.85 (2.21) | 5.04 (2.10) | 5.52 (2.10) | 5.01 (2.22) | 5.09 (2.18) |
| Freedom to threata, c | 4.42 (1.73) | 4.00 (1.79) | 3.46 (1.89) | 3.44 (1.84) | 3.83 (1.86) |
| Affective state reactancea, c, m | 3.87 (1.86) | 3.62 (1.85) | 3.33 (1.96) | 3.10 (1.82) | 3.47 (1.89) |
| Attention to HWLsm | |||||
| Never | 32% | 28% | 10% | 37% | 27% |
| Rarely | 31% | 33% | 26% | 26% | 29% |
| Sometimes | 23% | 25% | 33% | 20% | 25% |
| Often | 8% | 7% | 20% | 9% | 11% |
| Very Often | 3% | 4% | 8% | 5% | 5% |
| Thinking about health risksa, m | |||||
| Low | 44% | 41% | 20% | 41% | 37% |
| Moderate | 31% | 31% | 27% | 29% | 30% |
| High | 23% | 26% | 52% | 29% | 32% |
| Avoiding HWLsa, c, m | 31% | 30% | 40% | 21% | 30% |
| Forgoing cigarettes due to HWLsa, c, m | 23% | 21% | 43% | 29% | 29% |
ap<0.05 for U.S. vs. Australian sample,
cU.S. vs. Canadian sample,
mU.S. vs. Mexican sample