. 2016 Jul 14;7:1105. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01105

Table 1.

Effect of temperature and incubation period on aflatoxin detoxification by O. basilicum and C. fistula aqueous extracts.

Treatments	Temperature	Percentage reduction in AFB1			Percentage reduction in AFB2
		6 h	24 h	72 h	6 h	24 h	72 h
Toxin	25	0.71^{p B}	1.71^{m AB}	2.86^{o A}	0.53^{s BC}	0.84^{t B}	1.02^{w A}
	30	0.88^{p B}	2.30^{m AB}	3.81^{o A}	0.68^{s BC}	0.99^{t B}	1.16^{w A}
	35	2.54^{p C}	3.01^{m B}	4.49^{o A}	0.82^{s B}	1.14^{t AB}	1.31^{w A}
	40	3.87^{p C}	4.33^{m B}	5.15^{o A}	0.97^{s B}	1.29^{t AB}	1.46^{w A}
	45	5.19^{p AB}	5.66^{m AB}	5.82^{o A}	1.12^{s B}	1.44^{t AB}	1.61^{w A}
	50	6.48^{op AB}	6.51^{m AB}	6.98^{o A}	1.27^{s B}	1.59^{t AB}	1.76^{w A}
	55	7.14^{op BC}	7.84^{m B}	8.30^{o A}	1.42^{s B}	1.73^{t AB}	1.91^{w A}
	60	7.80^{op B}	9.16^{m AB}	9.63^{o A}	1.57^{s BC}	1.88^{t B}	2.06^{w A}
Toxin + water	25	1.48^{p B}	3.36^{m AB}	3.38^{o A}	0.47^{s C}	1.47^{t B}	2.25^{w A}
	30	2.64^{p C}	3.56^{m B}	4.19^{o A}	1.14^{s B}	2.04^{t AB}	2.41^{w A}
	35	3.44^{p C}	4.80^{m B}	5.45^{o A}	1.23^{s B}	2.73^{t AB}	2.87^{w A}
	40	4.76^{p A}	6.13^{m AB}	6.48^{o A}	1.98^{s B}	3.84^{t AB}	3.40^{w A}
	45	6.08^{op B}	7.45^{m AB}	7.47^{o A}	2.72^{s C}	3.92^{t B}	4.44^{w A}
	50	7.41^{op B}	8.46^{m AB}	8.77^{o A}	3.46^{s C}	4.43^{t B}	6.07^{w A}
	55	8.73^{op C}	9.46^{m B}	10.10^{o A}	4.21^{s AB}	4.96^{t B}	7.19^{w A}
	60	10.05^{op BC}	10.45^{m B}	11.42^{o A}	4.95^{s C}	5.48^{t B}	8.31^{w A}
T + C. fistula leaves	25	23.81^{lmn C}	30.00^{kl B}	36.65^{lmn A}	32.20^{pqr C}	41.13^{p–s B}	48.94^{r–u A}
	30	27.68^{k–n C}	30.74^{jkl B}	37.84^{k–n A}	33.94^{opq C}	43.36^{o–r B}	50.80^{p–t A}
	35	32.15^{j–n C}	34.32^{i–l B}	40.52^{j–n A}	36.17^{nop C}	44.85^{m–r B}	52.29^{o–s A}
	40	39.59^{h–k C}	44.74^{f–I B}	47.67^{h–l A}	38.40^{mno C}	46.34^{k–q B}	53.78^{n–q A}
	45	41.99^{g–k C}	45.93^{f–I B}	51.24^{hij A}	40.64^{lmn C}	47.83^{j–p B}	55.27^{mno A}
	50	43.16^{f–j C}	46.82^{f–I B}	52.43^{hi A}	42.87^{klm C}	49.32^{i–o B}	56.76^{lmn A}
	55	45.25^{d–j C}	50.10^{e–h B}	52.73^{hi A}	45.10^{jkl C}	50.80^{h–n B}	58.24^{klm A}
	60	46.74^{d–j C}	50.69^{e–h B}	53.92^{h A}	47.33^{ijk C}	52.29^{g–l B}	59.73^{jkl A}
T + C. fistula branch	25	19.87^{no C}	25.06^{l B}	30.30^{n A}	27.24^{r C}	36.17^{s B}	43.98^{v A}
	30	23.15^{mn C}	25.80^{l B}	31.49^{n A}	28.98^{qr C}	38.40^{rs B}	45.84^{uv A}
	35	27.62^{k–n C}	29.38^{kl B}	34.17^{mn A}	31.21^{pqr C}	39.89^{qrs B}	47.33^{tuv A}
	40	35.06^{j–m C}	39.80^{h–k B}	41.31^{i–n A}	33.44^{opq C}	41.38^{p–s B}	48.82^{stu A}
	45	36.67^{i–m C}	40.99^{g–k B}	44.89^{h–m A}	35.67^{nop C}	42.87^{o–s B}	50.31^{q–t A}
	50	38.04^{i–l C}	41.88^{g–k B}	46.08^{h–l A}	37.90^{mno C}	44.35^{n–r B}	51.79^{o–s A}
	55	40.12^{g–k C}	45.16^{f–I B}	47.87^{h–l A}	40.14^{lmn C}	45.84^{l–q B}	53.28^{n–r A}
	60	41.61^{g–k C}	45.75^{f–I B}	49.06^{h–k A}	42.37^{klm C}	47.33^{k–p B}	54.77^{m–p A}
T + O. basilicum leaves	25	54.41^{c–g C}	66.62^{bcd B}	77.91^{de A}	70.08^{f C}	74.55^{e B}	76.78^{f A}
	30	58.29^{b–e C}	67.37^{bcd B}	79.10^{cde A}	71.82^{ef C}	76.78^{de B}	79.01^{ef A}
	35	62.75^{abc C}	70.94^{abc B}	81.78^{a–d A}	74.05^{def C}	78.27^{cde B}	80.50^{def A}
	40	69.0^{ab C}	78.09^{ab B}	86.54^{a–d A}	76.28^{cde C}	79.76^{b–e B}	81.99^{cde A}
	45	72.64^{a C}	79.28^{ab B}	90.12^{abc A}	78.52^{bcd C}	81.99^{a–d B}	83.48^{bcd A}
	50	73.47^{a C}	79.57^{ab B}	91.31^{ab A}	80.75^{abc C}	83.48^{abc B}	84.96^{abc A}
	55	74.81^{a C}	82.85^{a B}	91.60^{ab A}	82.98^{ab C}	84.96^{ab B}	86.45^{ab A}
	60	76.30^{a C}	83.45^{a B}	92.80^{a A}	85.21^{a B}	87.20^{a AB}	87.94^{a A}
T + O. basilicum branch	25	35.42^{j–m C}	43.70^{f–j B}	65.73^{g A}	40.32^{lmn C}	49.25^{i–o B}	57.06^{lmn A}
	30	39.29^{ijk C}	44.44^{f–I B}	66.93^{fg A}	42.06^{klm C}	51.48^{h–m B}	58.92^{klm A}
	35	43.76^{d–j C}	48.02^{e–I B}	69.61^{efg A}	44.29^{jkl C}	52.97^{g–k B}	60.41^{jkl A}
	40	51.20^{c–I C}	55.16^{d–g B}	76.75^{def A}	46.52^{ijk C}	54.46^{f–j B}	61.90^{ijk A}
	45	54.03^{c–h C}	56.36^{def B}	80.32^{b–e A}	48.75^{hij C}	55.95^{f–I B}	63.39^{hij A}
	50	54.78^{c–g C}	57.25^{def B}	81.52^{a–d A}	50.99^{ghi C}	57.43^{fgh B}	64.87^{ghi A}
	55	56.86^{b–f C}	60.52^{cde B}	81.80^{a–d A}	53.22^{gh C}	58.92^{fg B}	66.36^{gh A}
	60	58.35^{bcd C}	61.12^{cde B}	83.00^{a–d A}	55.45^{g C}	60.41^{f B}	67.85^{g A}

Values are mean of three replicates. Small alphabetic letters with different values indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) in toxin reduction at different temperature and incubation periods in each column. Capital alphabetic letters with different values indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) among controls and tested plant extracts at different temperature and incubation period in each row.