Germination phenotypes of codY mutants. The germination of C. difficile heat-activated spores suspended in BHIS medium with or without 5 mM taurocholate (TA) was monitored over time. (A and B) The germination of strains 630Δerm, MC364 (630 codY), and MC442 (630 codY Tn916::codY) (A) or strains UK1, LB-CD16 (UK1 codY), and MC443 (UK1 codY Tn916::codY) (B) is shown as a ratio of the OD600 at a given time point (t) to the OD600 at the initial time point (t0). The means and SEM of results from three biological replicates are shown. Where error bars are not visible, they are obscured by symbols. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA followed by Dunnett's multiple-comparison test was used to compare the parent strain with the codY mutant or the parent strain with the respective complemented strain at the designated time points. *, P ≤ 0.05.