Figure 2.
Leishmania Ag–stimulated cytokine profiles in splenocyte culture supernatants from leptin-treated and untreated Leishmania donovani-infected normal mice. Splenocytes from L. donovani-infected and leptin-treated infected normal mice were isolated 60 days after infection, plated aseptically (2 × 105 cells/well), and stimulated with Leishmania FTAg for 48 hours. Concentrations of (A) pro-inflammatory cytokines interferon (IFN)γ, interleukin (IL)12p70, and IL1β and (B) anti-inflammatory cytokines IL10, IL4, and IL13 were measured in culture supernatants using the multiplex mouse cytokine kit as described in the section Material and Methods. (C) Ratio of IFNγ/IL10, IFNγ/IL4, and IFNγ/IL13. (D, E) Percentage of CD4 or CD8 T cells expressing IFNγ and IL10 and the ratio of IFNγ/IL10 are indicated, respectively. Stained cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cumulative data of two independent experiments are shown (N = 7). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.005.