Table 1.
Baseline, clinical, and microbiological characteristics of patients with imported enteric fever (N = 35)
| Characteristics | Cases, n (%) |
|---|---|
| Male sex | 24 (69) |
| Age (years), median (range) | 30 (4–53) |
| Japanese | 33 (94) |
| Destination/source of isolate | |
| South Asia | 28 (80) |
| Southeast Asia | 6 (17) |
| Other (Turkey) | 1 (3) |
| Pretravel consultation | 8 (23) |
| Typhoid vaccination within 2 years | 4 (11) |
| Symptoms | |
| Fever | 35 (100) |
| Headache | 19 (54) |
| Diarrhea | 17 (49) |
| Nausea/vomiting | 10 (27) |
| Joint pain | 7 (20) |
| Muscle pain | 4 (11) |
| Constipation | 4 (11) |
| Examination findings | |
| Relative bradycardia (N = 32) | 28 (88) |
| Rose spots | 2 (6) |
| Imaging findings (N = 32) | |
| Splenomegaly | 17 (52) |
| Paraileocecal lymph node swelling | 8 (24) |
| Ileocecal thickening | 4 (11) |
| Laboratory findings | |
| Total leucocytes (× 103/μL), median (range) | 5.1 (1.1–11.7) |
| Eosinopenia (≤ 1%) | 34 (97) |
| Absolute eosinopenia (0/μL) | 19 (54.3) |
| ALT (IU/L), median (range) | 53 (13–560) |
| CRP (mg/L), median (range) | 48 (2.9–212) |
| Fulfilled the sepsis definition (N = 34) | 16 (47) |
| Serovar | |
| Typhi | 15 (43) |
| Paratyphi A | 19 (54) |
| Paratyphi B | 1 (3) |
| Diagnosis | |
| Blood culture | 26 (74) |
| Blood and stool culture | 6 (17) |
| Stool culture | 3 (9) |
| Time to positive blood culture (hours), median (range) (N = 26) | 28 (6–45) |
ALT = alanine transaminase; CRP = C-reactive protein.