Table 1. The characteristics of the Beaver Dam Eye Study (BDES) participants.
| Characteristic | BDES Exome (n=1,560) | BDES Fulla (n=4,452) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD (range) |
59.5±10.6 (43 – 85) |
61.1±10.8 (43 – 86) |
| Female gender, N (%) |
884 (56.7) |
2,493 (56.0) |
| Education (years), mean ± SD |
12.7±3.1 |
12.0±2.8 |
| Nuclear Sclerosis b, mean ± SD |
4.7±1.6 |
4.8±1.6 |
| Spherical Equivalent (D)c, mean ± SD (range) |
−0.20±2.9 (−13.0 – 10.3) |
0.28±2.2 (−13.0 – 10.3) |
| Myopia, N (%) |
602 (38.6) |
958 (21.5) |
| Emmetropia, N (%) |
242 (15.5) |
1,217 (27.3) |
| Hyperopia, N (%) | 577 (37.0) | 1,681 (37.8) |
a All BDES individuals with reliable spherical equivalent measurements of both eyes at baseline visit. bThe sum of nuclear lens opacity grading of the right and left eyes at baseline. cThe average of spherical equivalent of the right and left eyes at baseline. Myopia was defined as < −1 D in either eye and < −0.5 D in the opposite eye; hyperopia was defined as > +1 D in either eye and > +0.5 D in the opposite eye; emmetropia was defined as between −1 D and +1 D in both eyes.