Table 3.
Selected features of chronic AC-DILI
| Age and gender | Latency (days) | ALT at DILI onseta | AST at DILI onseta | ALP at DILI onseta | T.Bili at DILI onseta | Liver injury pattern at DILI onset | Interval from DILI onset to abnormal aminotransferases defining chronic DILI (months) | Abnormal aminotrasnferases defining chronic DILIa | DILI outcomesa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 54 M | 29 | 610 (12.2) | 224 (5) | 239 | 4.4 (4.4) | Hepatocellular | 6 | ALT 86 (1.9), AST 67 (1.5) | Normal liver biochemistries 3 years post-DILI |
| 71 M | 34 | 755 (11.4) | 308 (8.3) | 337 (3.7) | 8.8 (8.8) | Mixed | 7 | ALT 63 (1.4), AST 45 (1.1), T.Bili 2.1 (2.1) | Normal liver biochemistries 2 years post-DILI |
| 71 M | 27 | 202 (3.2) | 143 (3.5) | 178 (2) | 4.6 (3.8) | Cholestatic | 6 | AST 45 (1.1 ULN), T.Bili 1.3 (1.1 ULN) | Normal liver biochemistries 2 years post-DILI, fibroscan suggested fatty liver but no significant fibrosis |
| 60 M | 23 | 387 (8.6) | 134 (3.8) | 286 | 7.7 (7) | Mixed | 8 | ALT 55, AST 41 | Normal liver biochemistries 2 years post-DILI, with fatty appearing liver by ultrasound 1 year post-DILI |
| 32 M | 12 | 375 (5.6) | 11 (1.7) | 198 (1.7) | 4.7 (4.7) | Mixed | 6 | ALT 87 (2.5), AST 49 (1.6),ALP 165 (1.3) | Asymptomatic abnormal ALT 64, with normal liver ultrasound 2 years post-DILI |
| 39 F | 3 | 271 (6.8) | 88 (2.4) | 302 (2.6) | 5.3 (4.4) | Mixed | 7 | ALT 71 (2), AST 92 (2.5), ALP 644 (5.5), T.Bili 1.8 (1.5) | Asymptomatic abnormal ALT 65 (1.4) and T.Bili 1.3 (1.1) 2 years post-DILI |
| 72 F | 33 | 126 (3.6) | 70 (1.9) | 299 (2.6) | 3.8 (3.2) | Cholestatic | 8 | AST 41 (1.2) | Subject did not follow up after first study visit but was asymptomatic at last visit |
| 40 M | 47 | 204 (3.9) | 88 (2.4) | 182 (1.6) | 5.8 (4.8) | Mixed | 8 | ALT 84 (1.6), ALP 139 (1.2) | Subject did not follow up after first study visit |
| 63 M | <14 | 208 (3.2) | 95 (2.3) | 490 (3.6) | 10.2 (10.2) | Cholestatic | 6 | ALT 78 (1.4), AST 100 (2.4), ALP 928 (5.8), T.Bili 17.6 (12.6) | Initial intent to list for liver transplant was limited by cardiac comorbidities. The subject was alive with abnormal ALT 71, AST 48, ALP 263, T.Bili 1.5 2 years after DILI onset |
| 36 M | 29 | 352 (6.3) | 201 (5.7) | 204 (1.6) | 8.2 (6.3) | Mixed | 10 | ALT 102 (1.8), AST 80 (2.3), ALP 142 (1.1) | Asymptomatic abnormal ALT 71 and ALP 189 2 years post-DILI |
| 66 M | 22 | 235 (5.9) | 237 (6.4) | 473 (4.04) | 13.1 (13.1) | Cholestatic | 8 | ALT 51 (1.1), ALP 150 (1.25) | Normal liver biochemistries 2 years post-DILI |
| 63 M | 39 | 977 (18) | 363 (10.7) | 393 (2.6) | 3.5 (2.9) | Hepatocellular | 6 | ALT 54 (1.2), AST 44 (1.05), ALP 274 (2.3) | Asymptomatic abnormal ALT 55 2 years post-DILI |
ALP alkaline phosphatase, DILI drug-induced liver injury, T.Bili total bilirubin, M male, F female
a
Values of ALT, AST, and ALP reported in U/L with (multiples of upper limit of normal when available), T.Bili reported in mg/dL with (multiples of upper limit of normal when available)