Table III. Top Gene Ontology or Function Pathways Enriched in Maternal HIV Status Analysis.

Concepts significant at a 5% FDR level using LRpath gene set enrichment testing are displayed.

Concept Name	Concept Database	# Genes in Concept	FDR q-value	Direction†
olfactory receptor activity	GOMF	320	3.83E-36	↓
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception	GOBP	357	7.59E-36	↓
detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell	GOBP	320	1.91E-35	↓
sensory perception of chemical stimulus	GOBP	403	1.91E-35	↓
detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception	GOBP	396	3.19E-35	↓
sensory perception of smell	GOBP	344	8.15E-35	↓
detection of chemical stimulus	GOBP	388	1.62E-34	↓
Olfactory transduction	KEGG	337	1.33E-30	↓
detection of stimulus	GOBP	553	1.06E-29	↓
sensory perception	GOBP	758	5.31E-24	↓
G-protein coupled receptor activity	GOMF	705	9.80E-22	↓
Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism	KEGG	19	3.32E-06	↓
Retinol metabolism	KEGG	54	7.46E-06	↓
Pentose and glucuronate interconversions	KEGG	24	7.46E-06	↓
Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450	KEGG	63	1.81E-05	↓
glucuronosyltransferase activity	GOMF	22	1.83E-05	↓
Starch and sucrose metabolism	KEGG	38	3.49E-05	↓
Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450	KEGG	62	3.49E-05	↓
Steroid hormone biosynthesis	KEGG	47	3.49E-05	↓
Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism	KEGG	33	7.42E-05	↓
Other types of O-glycan biosynthesis	KEGG	37	1.86E-04	↓
Drug metabolism - other enzymes	KEGG	39	0.001	↓
cellular glucuronidation	GOBP	13	0.002	↓
uronic acid metabolic process	GOBP	14	0.002	↓
glucuronate metabolic process	GOBP	14	0.002	↓
Taste transduction	KEGG	48	0.045	↓

^†Up direction signifies that most genes in the concept were hypermethylated in the maternal HIV positive group compared with the negative group. Vice versa for the down direction.