Table 2.
Relationship of Infant HIV Infection Status with Adverse Infant Outcomes among Infants Born to HIV-infected Women with Any Sexually Transmitted Infection (CT/NG Including CT & NG Co-infection)
| Total |
HIV-
infected |
HIV-
uninfected |
Unadjusted
|
Adjusted
†
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N=277) | (N=28) | (N=249) | |||||
| n (col %) | n (row %) | n (row %) | OR (95% CI) | p- value |
OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
|
Any of the
following Adverse Infant Outcomes |
|||||||
| No | 154 (55.6) | 8 (5.2) | 146 (94.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 123 (44.4) | 20 (16.3) | 103 (83.7) | 3.54 (1.50 - 8.36) | 0.004 | 3.45 (1.43 - 8.31) |
0.006 |
| Sepsis | |||||||
| No | 264 (95.3) | 26 (9.8) | 238 (90.2) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 13 (4.7) | 2 (15.4) | 11 (84.6) | 1.66 (0.35 - 7.92) | 0.52 | 1.52 (0.31 - 7.40) |
0.60 |
| Pneumonia | |||||||
| No | 261 (94.2) | 23 (8.8) | 238 (91.2) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 16 (5.8) | 5 (31.3) | 11 (68.8) | 4.70 (1.50 - 14.72) | 0.008 | 4.74 (1.51 - 14.90) |
0.008 |
|
Congenital
Syphilis |
|||||||
| No | 261 (94.2) | 25 (9.6) | 236 (90.4) | 1.00 | -- | ||
| Yes | 16 (5.8) | 3 (18.8) | 13 (81.3) | 2.18 (0.58 - 8.17) | 0.25 | -- | |
|
Septic
Arthritis |
|||||||
| No | 277 (100) | 28 (10.1) | 249 (89.9) | -- | -- | ||
| Yes | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | -- | -- | ||
| Conjunctivitis | |||||||
| No | 275 (99.3) | 28 (10.2) | 247 (89.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (100) | 3.69 (0 – 31.24) | 1.0 | 3.92 (0 – 33.21) | 1.0 |
| Death | |||||||
| No | 269 (97.1) | 25 (9.3) | 244 (90.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 8 (2.9) | 3 (37.5) | 5 (62.5) | 5.86 (1.32 - 25.97) | 0.02 | 6.30 (1.41 – 28.14) | 0.016 |
|
Low Birth
Weight |
|||||||
| ≥ 2500g | 218 (78.7) | 22 (10.1) | 196 (89.9) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| <2500g | 59 (21.3) | 6 (10.2) | 53 (89.8) | 1.01 (0.39 - 2.61) | 0.99 | 0.95 (0.36 - 2.50) |
0.92 |
|
Gestational
Age |
|||||||
| ≥ 37 weeks | 241 (87.0) | 22 (9.1) | 219 (90.9) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| <37 weeks | 36 (13.0) | 6 (16.7) | 30 (83.3) | 1.99 (0.75 - 5.30) | 0.17 | 2.08 (0.77 - 5.57) |
0.15 |
CT= Chlamydia trachomatis. NG= Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
OR: odds ratio. CI: confidence interval. OR calculated by univariate or exact logistic regression as necessary.
†
Each adverse infant outcome was adjusted for maternal syphilis status using multivariable logistic regression.