Table 1.
Participant characteristics, criterion validity items and selected vignettes items
| Characteristic | % (n)/mean (standard deviation)a,b |
|---|---|
| Age | |
| 19–29 | 17.6 (52) |
| 30–39 | 28.5 (84) |
| 40–49 | 33.6 (99) |
| 50–62 | 20.3 (60) |
| Gender (% male) | 56.3 (169) |
| Racial category | |
| White | 43.7 (117) |
| Black/African American | 54.5 (146) |
| Otherc | 1.8 (4) |
| Hispanic/Latino ethnicity | 42.7 (128) |
| Marital status | |
| Never married | 43.7 (131) |
| Married or living together | 31.3 (94) |
| Divorced, separated or widowed | 25.0 (75) |
| Educational achievement | |
| Less than high school graduation | 37.7 (112) |
| High school graduate or GED | 43.7 (131) |
| More than high school graduate | 18.7 (56) |
| Employment status | |
| Employed full-time or part-time | 20.0 (60) |
| Student | 3.3 (10) |
| Unable to work due to disability or retired | 16.6 (50) |
| Homemaker | 4.7 (14) |
| Unemployed | 53.3 (160) |
| Other, including illegal activities | 2.0 (6) |
| Income category (per year) | |
| Less than $10,000 | 62.1 (185) |
| $10,000-$19,999 | 35.9 (107) |
| $20,000 or more | 2.0 (6) |
| Number of dependents (mean (SD)) | 1.8 (1.13) |
| Veteran of U.S. armed forces or reserves | 19.1 (51) |
| Homeless status | 19.4 (56) |
| HIV infection status (% positive) | 20.8 (60) |
| Brought others assistance subsequent to Hurricane Sandy | 59.0 (177) |
| Sexual behavior | |
| Number of sex partners (last year) (mean (SD)) | 2.3 (2.75) |
| Exchanged sex for money, drugs or other goods (last 30 days) | 14.0 (42) |
| Attended multi-partnered sex events (last year) | 17.1 (50) |
| Used condoms consistently during multi-partnered sex events (last year) | 47.7 (21) |
| Injection drug use behavior | |
| Shared syringes (last 30 days) | 27.9 (83) |
| Shared drug preparation equipment (last 30 days) | 35.6 (106) |
| Vignettes items | |
| Vignette If an older friend or relative suggests that people can get good jobs if they study hard at school, what is your reaction likely to be? | |
| 1. The only way to get a good job is to cheat nowadays (mean (SD)) | 3.0 (1.56) |
|
Vignette “Things are really hard in this city right now. Jobs are hard to get and easy to lose. Benefits keep getting reduced. Social services keep getting cut back. In times like these | |
| 2. You have to look out for yourself even if someone else gets hurt (mean (SD)) | 4.0 (1.32) |
| 3. If you have a job, you need to do whatever it takes to keep it (mean (SD)) | 4.9 (0.36) |
N = 300 people who inject drugs
a
Percentage and (n), unless otherwise noted mean and (standard deviation)
b
Sample sizes (n) for category percentages vary due to non-response for some items, and percentages may not add up to 100 due to rounding
c
Other = American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific islander, and multiple racial groups