Fig. 2 .

A diagrammatic representation for immunotherapy recruiting cancer antigens. Cancer antigens given to the patient in any form of peptide, protein, or tumor tissue will be combined with free human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecule on the dendritic cell surface and activate the cells. Activated dendritic cells then move to the nearby lymph nodes where they activate CD8 positive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which can identify cancer antigen/HLA class I molecule complex. Those activated CTLs then recognize the cancer cell surface and have a killing effect (attack). By cancer antigen/HLA class II molecular complex, CD4 positive helper T cells are activated. Then those that help CTLs, activate dendritic cell (antigen presenting cell: APC) and even attack the cancer cells (attack).