Table 2.
Key trials for systemic escalation in neoadjuvant RT of rectal cancer
| Reference | Treatment | n | TME | FU | OS | LRR | pCR, % | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aschele et al. [44] | LC-CRT (+ ox) + surg vs. | 747 | yes | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 16 | response analysis |
| STAR-01 | LC-CRT + surg | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 16 | survival not published yet | ||
| Gérard et al. [36] | LC-CRT (+ ox) + surg vs. | 598 | yes | 37 | 3 years: 87.6% | 3 years: 4.4% | 19.2 | |
| ACCORD 12/0405 PRODIGE 2 | LC-CRT + surg | 3 years: 88.3% | 3 years: 6.1% | 13.9 | ||||
| Rödel et al. [41] | LC-CRT (+ ox) + surg | 1,236 | yes | 50 | 3 years: 88.7% | 3 years: 2.9% | 17a | |
| CAO/ARO/AIO-04 | LC-CRT + surg | 3 years: 88.0% | 3 years:4.6% | 13a | ||||
| Dewdney et al. [45] | CHT + LC-CRT (+ ox + cet) + surg | 90 | yes | 37 | 2 years: 91.3%a | 3 years: 2.2% | 11 | |
| EXPERT-C | CHT + LC-CRT (+ ox) + surg | 32 | 2 years: 81.8%a | 3 years: 4.5% | 9 | |||
a
Statistically significant.
n = Patient number; TME = total mesorectal excision; FU = median follow-up; OS = overall survival; LRR = local relapse rate; pCR = pathological complete remission; ox = oxaliplatin; surg = surgery; cet = cetuximab; LC-CRT = long-course chemoradiotherapy (5-FU- or capecitabine-based); CHT = chemotherapy; n.a. = not applicable.