Table 4.
World Health Organization 28-Day Treatment Outcomes Stratified by Antiretroviral Therapy Group
| Outcome | Day 28 Outcomesa |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-Uninfected Children (n = 181)b | HIV-Infected Children |
|||
| EFV-Based ART (n = 50) | LPV/r-Based ART (n = 70) | NVP-Based ART (n = 61) | ||
| Adequate clinical and parasitological response | 51.4 (93) | 62.0 (31) | 85.7 (60) | 68.9 (42) |
| Late parasitological failure | 39.2 (71) | 30.0 (15) | 14.3 (10) | 19.7 (12) |
| Late clinical failure | 9.4 (17) | 8.0 (4) | 0 (0) | 11.5 (7) |
Data are presented as percentage (No.) with polymerase chain reaction–unadjusted treatment outcome.
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; EFV, efavirenz; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; LPV/r, lopinavir/ritonavir; NVP, nevirapine.
a Eight children not included in World Health Organization day 28 outcomes analysis due to taking other antimalarials over the course of follow-up and lost to follow-up. One child died due to pneumonia on day 23.
b Significant differences (P < .05) in any treatment failure (late parasitological failure + late clinical failure) outcome between LPV/r-treated children and both the HIV-uninfected and EFV-treated children.