Table 3.
Percent of Population with High OOP Spending, Overall and by Age and Incomea
| United States | France | Australia | Japan | Poland | Switzerland | Israel | Russia | Slovenia | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % High spendingb | 12.8 | 2.9 | 8.9 | 9.3 | 12.5 | 16.5 | 15.3 | 16.6 | 7.2 |
| Age (years) | |||||||||
| Below 65 | 10.9 | 2.7 | 6.8 | 8.1 | 9.9 | 13.3 | 13.7 | 15.0 | 5.9 |
| 65–74 | 18.2 | 2.7 | 21.4 | 15.8 | 29.3 | 30.3 | 27.7 | 26.0 | 15.0 |
| Above 75 | 23.2 | 5.4 | 25.5 | 12.1 | 33.8 | 43.2 | 33.2 | 25.6 | 13.1 |
| Incomec | |||||||||
| Extreme poverty | 32.3 | 17.4 | 38.0 | 40.0 | 34.0 | 34.5 | 32.4 | 36.8 | 31.4 |
| Poverty | 28.7 | 11.5 | 26.7 | 29.6 | 31.9 | 33.5 | 34.0 | 35.3 | 22.4 |
| Near poverty | 11.1 | 1.9 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 12.1 | 17.5 | 12.0 | 15.4 | 6.7 |
| Above median | 4.8 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 6.8 | 11.0 | 6.2 | 8.6 | 2.9 |
a
All data for 2010 except Japan (2008) and Switzerland (2004).
b
High spending is spending in excess of 10% of disposable income, or 5% if household income is below the poverty threshold.
c
Income is defined as household disposable income. Extreme poverty is equivalized disposable income equalling 40% or less of equivalized median disposable income. Poverty is 60% or less. Near poverty is 60%–100% of median disposable income.
Source: Author calculations from LIS data (www.lisdatacenter.org). Health expenses is the LIS variable hcmed or hcmmed.