Table 2.
Concentration of free ferulic acid, ferulic acid bound to mono-/oligosaccharide (soluble) and insoluble bound ferulic acid (μg) per g flour of maize, wheat, wheat aleurone and wheat bran samples.
| Free | Mono-/Oligosaccharide | Insoluble bound | |
|---|---|---|---|
| White maize (Ekwendeni) | 2.93 ± 0.67cd | 9.44 ± 0.59b | 1273.45 ± 157.22c |
| White maize (Dedza) | 1.65 ± 0.35d | 13.54 ± 1.91a | 1582.51 ± 275.32c |
| Orange maize (Ekwendeni) | 3.47 ± 0.50c | 10.89 ± 1.31ab | 1622.36 ± 272.16c |
| Orange maize (Dedza) | 1.61 ± 0.23d | 10.82 ± 1.90ab | 1390.45 ± 212.24c |
| Yellow maize (DASCA) | 2.15 ± 0.41d | 6.95 ± 0.50bc | 1759.42 ± 300.15c |
| Mean (maize) | 2.36 ± 0.81 | 10.33 ± 2.40 | 1525.64 ± 193.08 |
| Ambassador wheat | 3.06 ± 0.23c | 3.91 ± 0.18d | 780.09 ± 80.35d |
| Caledonia wheat | 3.13 ± 0.18c | 3.38 ± 0.29d | 818.18 ± 150.76d |
| MSDU wheat | 3.92 ± 0.27c | 3.45 ± 0.21d | 773.77 ± 101.52d |
| Purple wheat | 3.81 ± 0.27c | 3.05 ± 0.23d | 584.82 ± 90.34d |
| Mean (wheat) | 3.48 ± 0.39 | 3.37 ± 0.35 | 739.21 ± 104.79 |
| Aleurone (wheat) | 6.42 ± 1.23ab | 13.86 ± 1.23a | 4064.97 ± 123.35a |
| Red bran (wheat) | 9.19 ± 0.93a | 15.87 ± 1.79a | 2377.03 ± 233.67b |
Values presented as mean ± standard deviation (n = 5). Data in the same column with the same superscript are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05.