Table 1.
Summary of Results. Types of catheters, location of pacing, catheter type used, number of unique sites paced, cycle length, threshold, and whether or not capture was achieved at the respective sites.
| Experiment | Animal Type | Catheter used to obtain venograms | Location of venous stimulation and/or cortical structure stimulated | Catheter used for Pacing | Pacing cycle length (ms) | Threshold (ma) | Capture Obtained? | Complications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Baboon | 6-French multipurpose catheter | Petrosal Sinus, Vein of Galen | Cardima 2.7-French decapolar catheter; 6-French 4 mm tipped EPT catheter; our prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | 80–600 | – | Yes | No |
| 2 | Baboon | 6-French 4-mm tipped EPT catheter | the occipital lobe, right mesial temporal lobe, petrosal sinus and the vein of Labbe | Cardima 2.7-French decapolar catheter; 6-French 4 mm tipped EPT catheter; our prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | 75–300 | – | No | No |
| 3 | Baboon | Cardima 2.7-French decapolar catheter; 6-French 4 mm tipped EPT catheter | petrosal sinus | Cardima 2.7-French decapolar catheter; our prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | 500–650 | 11 | Yes (with our prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter only) | No |
| 4 | Baboon | 6-French 4-mm tipped EPT catheter; our prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | Vein of Galen, mid brain, occipital lobe (2 sites) | 6-French 4-mm tipped EPT catheter; our prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | 75 | 0.3 – 20 | Yes (with our prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter only) | Yes (coagulum formation, electrode breakage) |
| 5 | Baboon | our prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | Occipital lobe (4 sites), temporal lobe, sagittal sinus | our prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | 75 | 0.7 | Yes | No |
| 6 | Baboon | 6-French 4-mm tipped EPT catheter; our prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter; Basket catheter | Base of brain, petrosal sinus, straight sinus; subdural sinus, temporal lobe (for basket catheter) | 6-French 4-mm tipped EPT catheter; our prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter; Basket catheter | 75 | – | Yes | No |
| 7 | Baboon | prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter; Basket catheter | Petrosal sinus, straight sinus; artery (for basket catheter) | prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter; Basket catheter | 75 | 10 | Yes | Yes (small venous dissection) |
| 8 | Baboon | prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter; Basket catheter | Occipital lobe, basilar vein (basket catheter) | prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | 75 | – | Yes | Yes (breakage of balloon catheter) |
| 9 | Baboon | prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | Occipital lobe, straight sinus, straight sinus, temporal fissure | prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | 75 | – | Yes | No |
| 10 | Baboon | prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | Straight sinus, occipital lobe; sigmoid sinus | prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | 75 | – | Yes | No |
| 11 | Baboon | Cardima 2.7-French decapolar catheter; prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | Left vein base | Cardima 2.7-French decapolar catheter; prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter | 75 | – | Yes (with Cardima 2.7-French decapolar catheter only) | No |
| 12 | Baboon | Cardima 2.7-French decapolar catheter; 6-French 4 mm tipped EPT catheter | Occipital lobe, parietal lobe | prototyped over-the-wire balloon catheter; basket catheter | 75 | – | Yes (with basket catheter only) | No |