Major MAPKs were activated by TSLP. (A) Western blot shows protein levels of MAPK7, p-ERK1, p-p38, and p-JNK1 were up-regulated by TSLP overexpression and down-regulated by si-TSLP. ERK1, p-38, and JNK1 levels remained unchanged. (B) Histogram indicates the band density of MAPK7. (C–E) Histograms indicate the band densities of p-ERK1, p-p38, or p-JNK1 compared to those of ERK1, p38, or JNK1. β-actin was used as the endogenous reference for Western blot. * P<0.05. *** P<0.001. TSLP – thymic stromal lymphopoietin. Control – cells without transfection. si-Control – cells transfected with the control siRNA. TSLP – cells transfected with TSLP overexpression vector. si-TSLP – cells transfected with TSLP-specific siRNA. MAPK7 – mitogen-activated protein kinase 7. ERK1 – extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1. p38 – mitogen-activated protein kinase 14. JNK1 – c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1.