Table 2. Reference values by group (Mean±SD and Range) of the gait parameters investigated in the study.
| Gait Parameter | Group 65-69 years N=103 |
Group 70-74 years N=95 |
Group 75-79 years N=77 |
Group ≥80 years N=30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Velocity (cm/s) Range |
128.5±18.4 85.4-168.9 |
121.4±18.2 64.5-171.2 |
115.1±18.5 73.6-158.1 |
105.4±23.4 65.7-155.9 |
| Cadence
(steps/min) Range |
119.6±9.1 98.0-142.6 |
118.4±10.0 92.1-148.0 |
115.5±10.0 94.0-137.9 |
113.0±11.8 87.6-134.2 |
| Step Length (cm) Range |
63.1±6.2 48.5-77.7 |
61.4±6.3 42.0-72.2 |
59.6±6.7 0.44-73.2 |
55.5±7.8 39.0-71.9 |
| Base of Support
(cm) Range |
7.5±2.3 2.3-14.9 |
7.8±2.4 2.0-13.0 |
7.6±2.8 2.4-17.5 |
8.1±2.5 2.0-13.0 |
| Step Time (s) Range |
0.50±0.04 0.42-0.61 |
0.51±0.04 0.41-0.65 |
0.52±0.05 0.44-0.64 |
0.54±0.06 0.45-0.69 |
| Swing Time (s) Range |
0.42±0.04 0.35-0.51 |
0.41±0.03 0.52-0.52 |
0.40±0.05 0.34-0.51 |
0.42±0.04 0.36-0.58 |
| Stance Time (s) Range |
0.60±0.05 0.48-0.74 |
0.61±0.06 0.49-0.85 |
0.63±0.06 0.53-0.81 |
0.65±0.08 0.52-0.80 |
| Double of Support Time
(s) Range |
0.20±0.04 0.07-0.31 |
0.21±0.04 0.14-0.40 |
0.22±0.05 0.16-0.38 |
0.22±0.05 0.12-0.35 |
| Velocity (%CV) Mean SD (cm/s) |
3.9±1.3 4.9 |
4.4±1.8 5.3 |
4.7±1.8 5.3 |
6.0±3.7 6.0 |
| Step Length (%CV) Mean SD (cm) |
3.1±1.4 2.0 |
3.3±1.2 2.0 |
4.0±1.7 2.3 |
4.6±2.2 2.5 |
| Base of Support (%CV) Mean SD (cm) |
31.3±16.3 2.1 |
30.6±18.7 2.1 |
37.3±28.5 2.4 |
38.8±35.1 2.5 |
| Step Time (%CV) Mean SD (s) |
2.9±0.9 0.01 |
3.2±1.1 0.02 |
3.2±1.1 0.02 |
4.5±2.4 0.02 |
| Swing Time (%CV) Mean SD (s) |
3.4±1.1 0.01 |
3.7±1.3 0.02 |
3.8±1.1 0.02 |
5.0±2.0 0.02 |
| Stance Time (%CV) Mean SD (s) |
3.1±1.5 0.02 |
3.3±1.3 0.02 |
3.5±1.6 0.02 |
4.6±2.4 0.03 |
| Double Support Time
(%CV) Mean SD (s) |
8.3±4.2 0.02 |
8.2±3.0 0.02 |
8.3±2.3 0.02 |
11.4±4.3 0.03 |
SD: standard deviation; CV: coefficient of variation; s: seconds; cm: centimeters.