Table 2.

Multivariate analysis for markers associated with need for surgery. The presence of a mutation, cyst DNA amount, and common serum biomarkers for ovarian cancer were analyzed for association with cysts that require surgical removal (Firth’s penalized likelihood logistic regression).

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.15175.007

Criteria	p value
Mutation present	<0.001
Serum CA-125 elevated	0.01
HE4 elevated	0.92
Cyst DNA amount	0.69