FIG. 3.

Dependence of the simulated drop velocity on the drop-to-particle radius ratio $r_d/r_p$. (a) Evolution of the mass-averaged drop velocity $v_d^{*}=v_d/u_{\mathit{c}\mathit{i}}$ for different r_d/r_p under otherwise identical conditions. The r_d/r_p = 0.67 case corresponds to Fig. 2(b). The $v_d^{*}(t^{*})$ curves obtained on the fixed particle are physically meaningful for the solid-line portions, up to the peak velocity $V_d^{*}$ indicated by dots. Beyond the peak velocity, the particle is catapulted away. (b) The simulated peak velocity $V_d^{*}$ is a weak function of r_d/r_p. The $V_d^{*}$ in (b) is the peak value from the corresponding $v_d^{*}(t^{*})$ curve in (a).