Table 3.
Effects of different concentrations of β-damascone and halolactones on the development of A. diaperinus larvae
| Dose (%) | Compounda | Larval duration (days ± SE) | Pupation (% ± SE) | Pupal weight (mg ± SE) | Adult emergence (% ± SE) | Adult weight (mg ± SE) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 21.0 ± 1.73a | 96.7 ± 3.33a | 19.17 ± 1.06a | 90.0 ± 5.77a | 14.94 ± 0.55a | |
| 1.0 | 1 | 25.0 ± 2.0ab | 70.0 ± 5.77bc | 18.16 ± 0.74ab | 40.0 ± 10b | 15.10 ± 1.05a |
| 2 | 24.0 ± 1.15ab | 60.0 ± 8.82c | 16.71 ± 0.91ab | 40.0 ± 5.77b | 14.18 ± 0.84a | |
| 3 | 33.0 ± 3.46c | 30.0 ± 5.77d | 15.06 ± 0.85ab | 26.7 ± 3.33b | 11.14 ± 0.55a | |
| 4 | 41.0 ± 2.65c | 20.0 ± 5.77d | 14.15 ± 1.08b | 16.7 ± 3.33b | 11.86 ± 1.41a | |
| 0.5 | 1 | 23.50 ± 0.65ab | 92.5 ± 2.5ab | 17.56 ± 0.71ab | 85.51 ± 5.00a | 14.61 ± 0.72a |
| 2 | 20.33 ± 0.58a | 93.33 ± 3.3ab | 16.31 ± 1.27ab | 90.0 ± 5.77a | 14.60 ± 0.51a | |
| 3 | 25.51 ± 0.96ab | 77.51 ± 2.5abc | 15.41 ± 0.66ab | 70.0 ± 8.16a | 13.58 ± 0.51a | |
| 4 | 30.25 ± 2.36bc | 75.0 ± 7.5c | 14.51 ± 0.57b | 37.51 ± 9.46b | 12.05 ± 0.87a | |
| 0.1 | 3 | 21.75 ± 0.48a | 87.54 ± 4.79ab | 17.63 ± 0.58ab | 82.5 ± 3.23a | 14.69 ± 0.83a |
| 4 | 22.25 ± 1.49a | 95.0 ± 2.89a | 16.39 ± 0.60ab | 77.53 ± 7.51a | 13.45 ± 0.32a | |
| F | 18.62 | 30.49 | 2.61 | 18.2 | 2.49 | |
| df | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
| p | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.018 | <0.001 | 0.014 |
Values are means of three replicates, each set up with ten larvae (n = 30)
Means followed by the same letters within each column are not significantly different (one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test, p < 0.05)
aFor structures of the compounds labeled by number in this column, see Fig. 1