Table 5.
Pharmacoeconomic evaluation
| Product | HMW-HA 0.08 % (Cystistat®) | 2 % CS (Uracyst®-Uropol S®) | i-PPS 300 mg (Elmiron®) | i-PPS 200 mg + o-PPS 400 mg (Elmiron®) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | Shao et al. [34] | Nickel et al. [35] | Nickel et al. [36] | Bade et al. [37] | Davis et al. [38] |
| Cost per instillation | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.4 | 0.6 |
| Number of instillations | 6 | 6 | 8 | 24 | 36 |
| Cost of treatment (CT) | 6 | 6 | 8 | 9.6 | 21.6 |
| %Responders placebo/control | 0.182 | 0.233 | 0.313 | 0.200 | 0.90 |
| %Responders active treatment | 0.933 | 0.4145 | 0.38 | 0.40 | 0.857 |
| Odds ratio (95%IC) | 76.5 (6.08; 963.06) | 2.33 (0.76; 7.17) | 1.35 (0.58; 3.11) | 3.19 (0.42; 24.38) | 0.67 (0.10; 4.48) |
| Absolute risk reduction (95%CI) | − 0.75 (−1–0; −0.50) | −0.18 (−2.88; 0.18) | −0.07 (−0.26; 0.12) | −0.20 (−0.59; 0.19) | 0.04 (−0.16; 0.24) |
| NNT (95%CI) | 1.33 (1.0; 2.0) | 5.51 (2.4; 18.84) | 14.81 (3.92; 8.31) | 2.67 (0.36; 19.71) | −23.33 (−4.13; 6.40) |
| Cost-effectiveness (CT/%responders) | 6.43 | 14.49 | 21.05 | 21.62 | 25.20 |
| Cost efficacy (CT aNNTs) | 7.98 | 33.06 | 118.48 | 25.63 | 503.93 |
HMW-HA high molecular weight hyaluronic acid, CS chondroitin sulphate, i-PPS intravesical pentosan polysulphate, o-PPS oral pentosan polysulphate, NNT number needed to treat to obtain a response
aResponse rates correspond to those presented in the articles [29, 30, 31, 33] and/or calculated by total of responders/total patients with per protocol results [32]