Table 2. Neuropsychological performance (mean (SD)) at each visit.
| Cognitive measure | Wave 1 | Wave 2 | Wave 3 | Wave 4 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Status | CN | pMCI | All | CN | pMCI | All | CN | pMCI | All | CN | pMCI | All |
| N | 156 | 28 | 184 | 156 | 28 | 184 | 150 | 28 | 178 | 106 | 19 | 125 |
| Global cognition | ||||||||||||
| MMSE | N/A | N/A | N/A | 29.4 | 29.4 | 29.4 | 29.4 | 29.0 | 29.3 | 29.3 | 29.1 | 29.3 |
| (0.9) | (1.0) | (0.9) | (1.0) | (1.5) | (1.1) | (1.0) | (1.8) | (1.2) | ||||
| Learning | ||||||||||||
| RAVLT Trials 1-5 Total | 51.8 | 48.4 | 51.3 | 51.2 | 46.5 | 50.5 | 52.1 | 45.4 | 51.1 | 51.7 | 45.0 | 50.7 |
| (7.9) | (8.5) | (8.1) | (8.1) | (9.6) | (8.5) | (8.3) | (7.5) | (8.6) | (7.8) | (9.1) | (8.4) | |
| WMS-R Logical Memory I | N/A | N/A | N/A | 30.7 | 25.7 | 29.9 | 30.4 | 23.5 | 29.3 | 30.0 | 23.2 | 29.0 |
| (6.0) | (6.6) | (6.3) | (5.6) | (5.8) | (6.1) | (5.6) | (4.9) | (6.0) | ||||
| BVMT-R Immediate Recall | N/A | N/A | N/A | 24.9 | 20.8 | 24.2 | 25.9 | 20.9 | 25.2 | 26.1 | 17.7 | 24.8 |
| (5.4) | (6.0) | (5.6) | (5.2) | (6.2) | (5.6) | (4.7) | (6.5) | (5.8) | ||||
| Delayed Recall | ||||||||||||
| RAVLT Long Delay Free | 10.6 | 9.4 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 8.8 | 10.4 | 10.9 | 8.3 | 10.4 | 10.9 | 8.3 | 10.5 |
| Recall | (2.7) | (3.0) | (2.8) | (2.5) | (4.2) | (2.9) | (2.7) | (3.6) | (3.0) | (2.4) | (4.0) | (2.8) |
| WMS-R Logical Memory II | N/A | N/A | N/A | 24.4 | 20.8 | 26.4 | 27.3 | 18.8 | 26.0 | 27.4 | 18.9 | 26.1 |
| (6.6) | (8.0) | (7.2) | (6.6) | (7.2) | (7.4) | (6.1) | (7.9) | (7.1) | ||||
| BVMT-R Delayed Recall | N/A | N/A | N/A | 9.7 | 8.4 | 9.5 | 9.9 | 8.1 | 9.6 | 10.2 | 7.4 | 9.8 |
| (1.8) | (2.7) | (2.0) | (1.8) | (2.5) | (2.0) | (1.5) | (2.7) | (2.0) | ||||
| Executive Functioning | ||||||||||||
| Trailmaking Test Part B | 61.0 | 69.5 | 62.3 | 58.9 | 68.1 | 60.2 | 58.7 | 71.5 | 60.7 | 60.3 | 85.4 | 64.1 |
| (18.9) | (19.5) | (19.2) | (20.1) | (20.1) | (20.3) | (17.0) | (20.0) | (18.1) | (17.5) | (22.7) | (20.4) | |
| Stroop Color-Word | 112.1 | 100.2 | 110.6 | 112.6 | 103.3 | 111.2 | 111.7 | 101.0 | 110.0 | 111.6 | 99.3 | 109.8 |
| Interference | (18.9) | (18.2) | (19.2) | (18.8) | (18.4) | (19.0) | (17.1) | (20.2) | (18.0) | (18.9) | (20.4) | (19.5) |
| WAIS-R Digit Symbol | N/A | N/A | N/A | 58.5 | 51.4 | 57.5 | 57.6 | 51.5 | 56.6 | 57.1 | 48.6 | 55.8 |
| (9.1) | (7.6) | (9.2) | (9.4) | (7.9) | (9.4) | (10.1) | (9.1) | (10.4) | ||||
CN = cognitively normal, pMCI = psychometric MCI, MMSE = Mini-Mental State Exam, RAVLT = Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, WMS-R = Wechsler Memory Scale – Revised, BVMT-R = Brief Visuospatial Memory Test – Revised, WAIS-R = Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Revised; Note: MMSE, WMS-R Logical Memory, BVMT-R, and WAIS-R Digit Symbol were not added to the study until Wave 2