Table 1.

Socioeconomic characteristics of mega-countries

	Low middle HDI								High very high HDI
Indicator	Ethiopia	Nigeria	Pakistan	Bangladesh	India	Philippines	Vietnam	Indonesia	China	Brazil	Mexico	Russia	Japan	USA
Human Development Index, 2014	0.44	0.51	0.54	0.57	0.61	0.67	0.67	0.68	0.73	0.76	0.76	0.80	0.89	0.91
Category Human Development Index	Low	Low	Low	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	High	High	High	High	Very high	Very High
Population (million), 2014	96.9	177.5	185.0	159.1	1,295.3	99.1	90.9	254.5	1,364.3	206.1	125.4	143.8	127.1	318.9
GDPc (2014) (constant USD 2005)	315.8	1,098.0	813.7	747.4	1,233.9	1,662.1	1,077.9	1,853.8	3,862.9	5,880.6	8,521.9	6,843.9	37,595.2	46,405.2
Gini Index (2010)a	33.2	43.0	29.6	32.0	35.6	42.9	42.7	33.9	42.1	53.9	48.1	40.9	32.1	40.5
Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index, 2014	0.31	0.32	0.38	0.40	0.43	0.55	0.54	0.56	–	0.56	0.59	0.71	0.78	0.76
Annual population growth (%), 2014	2.51	2.66	2.10	1.21	1.23	1.59	1.07	1.26	0.51	0.89	1.32	0.22	−0.16	0.74
Life expectancy at birth 2013 (years)	63.4	52.4	66.0	71.3	67.7	68.1	75.8	68.7	75.4	74.1	76.5	71.1	83.3	78.8
Urban population (%), 2014	19.0	46.9	38.3	33.5	32.4	44.5	33.0	53.0	54.4	85.4	79.0	73.9	93.0	81.5
Physician (per 1000 people), 2010	0.02	0.40	0.83	0.30	0.65	–	1.22	0.29	1.80	1.76	1.96	4.31	2.30	2.42
Adult literacy rate population 15+ years, 2007–2011	39.0	51.1	55.4	59.7	69.3	95.4	93.5	92.8	95.1	90.4	93.1	99.7	–	–
Health expenditure per capita (current USD$), 2014	26.6	117.5	36.2	30.8	75.0	135.2	142.4	99.4	419.7	947.4	677.2	892.9	3,703.0	9,402.5
Health expenditure (% GDP), 2014	4.9	3.7	2.6	2.8	4.7	4.7	7.1	2.8	5.5	8.3	6.3	7.1	10.2	17.1
Pupil/teacher ratio (2010-2013)b	53.7	37.6 (2010)	42.5	40.2 (2011)	32.3	31.4	18.9	16.1	16.9	21.2	28.0	19.6	16.7	14.5

GDPc, gross domestic product per capita.

Data obtained by World Bank (2016).

^aBrazil, India, Nigeria, and Philippines: Gini index 2009; Japan: Gini Index 2008.

^bNigeria: pupil/teacher ratio 2010; Bangladesh: pupil/teacher ratio 2010.