Table 1.

A human clinical trial of PR – physical parameters.

	Protein restricted	within- group p	Control	within- group p	Among- group p
Age (yrs)	52.46 ± 6.76		53.00 ± 7.71		0.82
BMI (kg/m2)
Baseline	30.66 ± 5.43		30.15 ± 5.84
Follow-up	29.90 ± 5.32		30.18 ± 5.67
Δ BMI	−0.76 ± 0.75	< 0.0001	0.03 ± 0.51	0.81	0.001
Weight (kg)
Baseline	101.46 ± 18.75		93.17 ± 17.25
Follow-up	98.84 ± 18.61		92.96 ± 16.87
Δ Weight	−2.62 ± 2.18	< 0.0001	−0.21 ± 1.36	0.52	0.001
Fat mass (kg)
Baseline	33.24 ± 11.91		31.07 ± 11.83
Follow-up	31.86 ± 11.09		30.72 ± 11.45
Δ Fat mass	−1.37 ± 1.55	0.001	−0.36 ± 1.02	0.15	0.02

Humans were randomly assigned to a 7-9% protein restricted or control diet group (19 male subjects per group), and physical parameters were assessed at baseline and at a follow-up visit 43 ± 11 days later. Change (Δ) represents the difference between the baseline and follow-up visit. Changes between and within the PR and control groups were tested with analysis of covariance and paired t-tests. Statistical tests were two-tailed, with significance accepted at p < 0.05. Errors represent standard deviation.