Table 2.
Etiology of chronic kidney disease in children
| CKD |
ESRD |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Etiology | Percentage (range) | Etiology | Percentage (range) |
| CAKUT | 48–59% | CAKUT | 34–43% |
| GN | 5–14% | GN | 15–29% |
| HN | 10–19% | HN | 12–22% |
| HUS | 2–6% | HUS | 2–6% |
| Cystic | 5–9% | Cystic | 6–12% |
| Ischemic | 2–4% | Ischemic | 2% |
Rare causes include congenital NS, metabolic diseases, cystinosis/miscellaneous causes depend on how such entities are classified. CAKUT = Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract; GN = glomerulonephritis; HN = hereditary nephropathy; HUS = hemolytic uremic syndrome. From Harambat et al. [2]. CKD data are from NAPRTCS, the Italian Registry and the Belgian Registry. ESRD data are from ANZDATA, ESPN/ERA-EDTA, UK Renal Registry and the Japanese Registry.