Table 5.
Logistic regression model of determinants of CHE* for healthcare of different kinds of elderly households in Shandong, China
| Variables | Empty-nest single (model 1) |
Empty-nest couple (model 2) |
Non-empty-nest elderly (model 3) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ORadj | 95% CI | p Value | ORadj | 95% CI | p Value | ORadj | 95% CI | p Value | |
| Residence | |||||||||
| Urban | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Rural | 1.11 | 0.48 to 2.57 | 0.809 | 0.84 | 0.56 to 1.25 | 0.380 | 1.60 | 1.03 to 2.49 | 0.035 |
| Household income† | |||||||||
| Q4 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Q1 | 7.40 | 2.17 to 25.29 | 0.001 | 2.18 | 1.36 to 3.45 | 0.001 | 5.78 | 3.52 to 9.50 | <0.001 |
| Q2 | 5.53 | 1.66 to 18.36 | 0.005 | 1.40 | 0.92 to 2.15 | 0.121 | 3.49 | 2.30 to 5.30 | <0.001 |
| Q3 | 1.67 | 0.52 to 5.36 | 0.391 | 1.11 | 0.78 to 1.58 | 0.550 | 1.59 | 1.07 to 2.35 | 0.020 |
| One or more elderly members with NCD‡ | |||||||||
| No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Yes | 6.28 | 3.61 to 10.93 | <0.001 | 2.56 | 1.96 to 3.35 | <0.001 | 8.44 | 5.61 to 12.72 | <0.001 |
| One or more elderly members admitted to hospital | |||||||||
| No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Yes | 4.35 | 2.05 to 9.22 | <0.001 | 2.48 | 1.75 to 3.51 | <0.001 | 4.79 | 3.20 to 7.17 | <0.001 |
| Health insurance§ | |||||||||
| None | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| MIUE | 0.89 | 0.26 to 3.08 | 0.849 | 0.69 | 0.40 to 1.19 | 0.181 | 0.94 | 0.46 to 1.94 | 0.874 |
| MIUR | 0.27 | 0.08 to 0.93 | 0.038 | 1.02 | 0.56 to 1.86 | 0.942 | 0.70 | 0.33 to 1.50 | 0.358 |
| NCMS | 0.28 | 0.08 to 0.97 | 0.044 | 1.12 | 0.62 to 2.04 | 0.708 | 0.48 | 0.24 to 0.98 | 0.044 |
| Observations | 394 | 1210 | 1136 | ||||||
| R2 | 0.277 | 0.132 | 0.342 | ||||||
*CHE, catastrophic health expenditure.
†Quartile 1 (Q1) is the poorest and quartile 4 (Q4) is the richest.
‡NCD, non-communicable chronic disease.
§MIUE, Medical Insurance for Urban Employees scheme; MIUR, Medical Insurance for Urban Residents scheme; NCMS, New Cooperative Medical Scheme.