Table 1.
Determinants of Intestinal Infestations in Under five Children Admitted to Arthur Davison Children’s Hospital, Ndola, Zambia
| Characteristic | Totaln (%) | Child (n (%)) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | |||
| Age of child | 0.135 | |||
| <2 | 46 (31.1) | 21 (28.0) | 25 (34.2) | |
| 2+ | 102 (68.9) | 54 (72.0) | 48 (65.8) | |
| Age (mother) | 0.074 | |||
| <25 | 113 (76.4) | 58 (77.3) | 55 (75.3) | |
| 25+ | 35 (23.6) | 17 (22.7) | 18 (24.7) | |
| Age (father) | 0.829 | |||
| <25 | 65 (45.8) | 28 (38.9) | 37 (52.9) | |
| 25+ | 77 (54.2) | 44 (61.1) | 33 (47.1) | |
| Place of residence | 0.042 | |||
| Urban | 107 (72.3) | 56 (74.7) | 51 (69.9) | |
| Rural | 41 (27.7) | 19 (25.3) | 22 (30.1) | |
| Mothers education | 0.048 | |||
| Up to primary | 87 (60.0) | 39 (52.7) | 48 (67.6) | |
| Second or higher | 58 (40.0) | 35 (47.3) | 23 (32.4) | |
| Father’s education | 0.156 | |||
| Up to primary | 46 (28.4) | 17 (23.9) | 23 (32.9) | |
| Second or higher | 101 (71.6) | 54 (76.1) | 47 (67.1) | |
| Mother’s employment | 0.902 | |||
| Employed | 33 (22.3) | 16 (21.3) | 17 (23.3) | |
| Unemployed | 115 (77.7) | 59 (78.7) | 56 (76.7) | |
| Father’s employment | 0.008 | |||
| Employed | 118 (83.1) | 58 (79.5) | 60 (87.0) | |
| Unemployed | 24 (16.9) | 15 (20.5) | 9 (13) | |
| Immunization status | 0.118 | |||
| Complete | 93 (62.8) | 50 (66.7) | 43 (58.9) | |
| Incomplete | 55 (37.2) | 25 (33.3) | 30 (41.1) | |
| HIV status | 0.011 | |||
| Nonreactive | 99 (66.9) | 49 (65.3) | 50 (68.5) | |
| Reactive | 49 (33.1) | 26 (34.7) | 23 (31.5) | |
| Deworming | 0.047 | |||
| Yes | 69 (46.6) | 41 (54.7) | 28 (38.4) | |
| No | 79 (53.4) | 34 (45.3) | 45 (61.6) | |
| History of infestation | 0.017 | |||
| Yes | 112 (75.7) | 63 (84.0) | 49 (67.1) | |
| No | 36 (24.3) | 12 (16.0) | 24 (32.9) | |
| Type of housing | 0.726 | |||
| Brick walled | 141 (95.3) | 71 (94.7) | 70 (95.9) | |
| Mud | 7 (4.7) | 4 (5.3) | 3 (4.1) | |
| Type of floor | 0.904 | |||
| Concrete | 99 (66.9) | 52 (69.3) | 47 (64.4) | |
| Open/bare ground/ | 49 (33.1) | 23 (30.7) | 26 (35.6) | |
| Water source | 0.050 | |||
| Unclean | 86 (58.1) | 48 (64.0) | 38 (52.1) | |
| Clean | 62 (41.9) | 27 (36.0) | 35 (47.9) | |
| Mode of treatment | 0.161 | |||
| Treated | 66 (93.0) | 36 (92.3) | 30 (93.8) | |
| Untreated | 5 (7.0) | 3 (7.7) | 2 (6.2) | |
| Food storage | 0.346 | |||
| Shelf | 78 (52.7) | 36 (48.0) | 42 (57.5) | |
| Fridge | 70 (47.3) | 39 (52.0) | 31 (42.5) | |
| Mode of play | 0.016 | |||
| Open ground | 117 (80.1) | 60 (80.0) | 57 (80.3) | |
| House | 29 (19.9) | 15 (20) | 14 (19.7) | |
| Toilet type | 0.921 | |||
| Flushable | 117 (80.1) | 60 (80.0) | 57 (80.3) | |
| Pitlatrine | 15 (10.3) | 8 (10.7) | 7 (9.9) | |
| Open defecation | 14 (9.6) | 7 (9.3) | 7 (9.9) | |
| Garbage disposal | 0.071 | |||
| Pit | 94 (63.5) | 49 (65.3) | 45 (61.6) | |
| Surrounding | 54 (36.5) | 26 (34.7) | 28 (38.4) | |