TABLE 1.
Participant Characteristics According to Hypertension Subtype in Men (n = 15,868)
| Total | Optimal-Normal BP (n = 4,261) | High-Normal BP (n = 3,854) | ISH (n = 4,015) | IDH (n = 589) | SDH (n = 3,149) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs | 34.3 ± 8.4 | 33.4 ± 8.1 | 33.6 ± 8.3 | 33.1 ± 8.4 | 37.4 ± 7.7 | 37.4 ± 8.1 | <0.001 |
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| Ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic whites | 88.6 | 87.5 | 88.7 | 90.2 | 86.9 | 88.2 | |
| African American | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 6.2 | 8.5 | 8.7 | |
| Hispanic | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.9 | 2.2 | |
| Asian | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.2 | |
| Other | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.7 | |
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| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26.3 ± 3.6 | 25.0 ± 3.1 | 25.8 ± 3.2 | 26.5 ± 3.5 | 27.1 ± 3.6 | 28.2 ± 4.1 | <0.001 |
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| Current smoker | 46.4 | 44.5 | 47.2 | 48.2 | 43.1 | 46.5 | 0.004 |
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| Education, yrs | 13.7 ± 2.7 | 14.1 ± 2.7 | 13.7 ± 2.6 | 13.4 ± 2.6 | 13.3 ± 2.6 | 13.2 ± 2.7 | <0.001 |
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| Diabetes | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 0.003 |
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| Serum total cholesterol, mg/dl | 196.3 ± 37.8 | 190.2 ± 36.1 | 193.2 ± 36.6 | 195.7 ± 37.4 | 202.6 ± 36.7 | 208.1 ± 39.3 | <0.001 |
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| BP, mm Hg | |||||||
| SBP | 135.5 ± 16.1 | 117.5 ± 6.0 | 130.5 ± 3.0 | 145.0 ± 7.6 | 129.7 ± 4.8 | 154.6 ± 14.6 | <0.001 |
| DBP | 79.5 ± 10.8 | 71.3 ± 7.1 | 76.2 ± 6.9 | 77.8 ± 6.4 | 90.8 ± 2.2 | 94.6 ± 7.2 | <0.001 |
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| Heart rate, beats/min* | 75.8 ± 12.2 | 71.5 ± 10.7 | 75.0 ± 11.4 | 77.9 ± 11.9 | 76.0 ± 13.4 | 80.1 ± 13.0 | <0.001 |
Values are mean ± SD or %. The p values were obtained by analysis of variance or chi-square tests among hypertension subtypes.
*
Heart rate was measured by electrocardiography in 13,670 participants.
BP = blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; IDH = isolated diastolic hypertension; ISH = isolated systolic hypertension; SBP = systolic blood pressure; SDH = systolic and diastolic hypertension.