[Table/Fig-3]:
Mean values of physico-chemical parameters assessed in drinking water
| Parameter | Bottle | Sachet | Can | Bore well | Tap water | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turbidity | Minimum Maximum Mean |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 10 1.85* |
0 |
| pH | Minimum Maximum Mean |
5.52 6.89 6.34 |
5.98 7.58 7.13 |
7 7.5 7.2 |
5.9 9.4 6.8* |
7.8 |
| Electrical Conductivity | Minimum Maximum Mean |
47 181 104.4 |
53 174 111.5 |
48 690 214.5 |
49 1299 658.7 |
456 |
| Total Dissolved Solids | Minimum Maximum Mean |
31 118 67.8 |
34 113 73 |
31 445 139.5 |
32 1012 498.2* |
296 |
| Total Hardness | Minimum Maximum Mean |
16 48 37.8 |
6 22 13 |
40 212 130.5* |
38 424 237.6* |
184 |
| Total Alkalinity | Minimum Maximum Mean |
14 47 33.4 |
15 43 25.5 |
130 160 149 |
54 484 182* |
180 |
| Calcium | Minimum Maximum Mean |
4 29 14.6 |
1 30 14.25 |
10 96 36.5 |
10 200 70.14* |
92* |
| Magnesium | Minimum Maximum Mean |
12 38 23.2* |
2 17 8 |
30 130 94* |
2 248 52.3* |
92* |
| Chloride | Minimum Maximum Mean |
10 29 17 |
6 117 38 |
57 142 103.7 |
7 180 66.7 |
51 |
| Nitrate | Minimum Maximum Mean |
- | - | 0 11 2.75 |
0 28.9 10.2 |
8 |
| Sulphate | Minimum Maximum Mean |
2.1 3.2 2.7 |
2.43 3.16 2.93 |
2 54 15.5 |
2 74 33.3 |
4.3 |
| Fluoride | Minimum Maximum Mean |
0.02 0.13 0.05 |
0.02 0.07 0.03 |
- | 0.04 1.09 0.27* |
0.34 |
| Sodium | Minimum Maximum Mean |
5.5 29.9 18.6 |
3.9 30.6 13.27 |
4 33 12 |
6 65 36.1 |
20.4 |
| Potassium | Minimum Maximum Mean |
0.2 0.6 0.4 |
0.5 2.3 0.97 |
0.1 2.3 0.75 |
0.2 2.9 1.4 |
2.6 |
* Indicates values exceeding the acceptable limit.