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. 2016 Jul 18;11(7):e0159442. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159442

Fig 5. Repeated closed head injury (CHI) causes chronic activation of microglia and reactive astrocytes in the cerebellum and brainstem.

Fig 5

Immunohistochemical labeling of cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) and of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the pyramidal tract (A-C and D-F, respectively) and white matter tracts of cerebellar crusiforms (G-I and J-L, respectively) after repeated sham (rSHAM), repeated CHI at 24h intervals (rCHI-24h), and repeated CHI at 48h intervals (rCHI-48h). Scale bars: 500μm A-F; 250μm G-L. The percent area of CD68 and GFAP labeling was quantified for analysis in the pyramidal tract (M and N, respectively). The percent area of CD68 (orange squares) and GFAP (green triangles) labeling in the pyramidal tract did not correlate with the mean density of silver stain in the pyramidal tract (O top panel). The percent area of CD68 or GFAP labeling after repeated CHI compared to the average beam walking score across 10wks (O bottom panel). Lines represent linear regression for visualization purposes.