Table 5. Relationships between race/ethnicity, insurance status, and quality indicators^a.

Independent Variable	Odds Ratio	95% CI	P
PSI 11 - Post-operative respiratory failure
Insurance
Private insurance (reference)	1.00
Medicaid	1.24	[1.00, 1.53]	.049
Uninsured	.87	[.58, 1.29]	.481
Race
White (reference)	1.00
African American	1.00	[.82, 1.21]	.990
Hispanic	1.04	[.80, 1.35]	.768
Asian/Pacific Islander	1.24	[.81, 1.90]	.330
PSI 12 - Post-operative PE of DVT
Race
White (reference)	1.00
African American	1.45	[1.35, 1.57]	<.001
Hispanic	.99	[.90, 1.08]	.791
Asian/Pacific Islander	1.22	[1.04, 1.43]	.013
Insurance
Private insurance (reference)	1.00
Medicaid	1.20	[1.08, 1.33]	.001
Uninsured	1.18	[1.03, 1.35]	.019
Interaction between race and insurance
Among African American
Medicaid vs private insurance	.97	[.82, 1.14]	.681
Among White
Medicaid vs private insurance	1.20	[1.08, 1.33]	.001
Among Medicaid
African American vs White	1.18	[.99, 1.40]	.070
Among privately insured
African American vs White	1.45	[1.35, 1.57]	<.001
PSI 13 - Post-operative physiometabolic derangement
Race
White (reference)	1.00
African American	1.22	[.96, 1.54]	.099
Hispanic	1.37	[1.03, 1.83]	.033
Asian/Pacific Islander	1.10	[.61, 1.98]	.750
Insurance
Private insurance (reference)	1.00
Medicaid	1.08	[.80, 1.44]	.624
Uninsured	.93	[.57, 1.54]	.789
PSI 14 – Post-operative wound dehiscence
Insurance
Private insurance (reference)	1.00
Medicaid	1.71	[1.09, 2.70]	.020
Uninsured	1.18	[.61, 2.29]	.620
Race
White (reference)	1.00
African American	.76	[.46, 1.24]	.266
Hispanic	.67	[.38, 1.17]	.160
Asian/Pacific Islander	.95	[.40, 2.23]	.904

a. Results of the risk-adjustment variables and other control variables are not listed.

CI, 95% confidence interval