Table 1.

Characteristics of Discharge Records (n=276,138) of Hospitalized Adults with Diabetes Mellitus, 2000–2010.

Variable	Black (N=72,957)	White (N=203,181)	P-value
Primary Outcome
Acute kidney injury, N (%)	4, 368 (6.0)	9,380 (4.6)	<0.001
Demographics
Female (%)	60.4	52.7	<0.001
Median age (IQR), years	61 (49, 72)	68 (56,78)	<0.001
Discharge Status
Median LOS (IQR), days	4 (2,7)	4 (2,6)	<0.001
Transfer to Short-Term Facility (%)	3.0	4.2	<0.001
Transfer to Long-Term Facility (%)	10.5	13.2	<0.001
In-hospital Death (%)	1.6	1.9	<0.001
Hospital Region
Northeast (%)	22.4	29.5	<0.001
Midwest (%)	19.3	20.0	<0.001
South (%)	52.6	40.2	<0.001
West (%)	5.7	10.3	<0.001
Hospital Size
<300 beds (%)	53.1	60.3	<0.001
≥300 beds (%)	46.9	39.7	<0.001
Admission Source
Emergency Room (%)	73.6	63.0	<0.001
Clinic (%)	19.2	27.3	<0.001
Transfer (%)	5.6	7.4	<0.001
Other (%)	1.6	2.3	<0.001
Payment Source
Medicare (%)	51.9	60.4	<0.001
Medicaid (%)	16.6	7.0	<0.001
Private Insurance (%)	23.4	26.6	<0.001
Other (%)	8.1	5.9	<0.001
AKI-Related Risk Factors
Sepsis (%)	2.7	2.2	<0.001
Congestive heart failure (%)	19.1	19.3	0.240
Hypotension (%)	1.5	1.8	<0.001
Hypertension (%)	50.5	46.2	<0.001
Acute myocardial infarction (%)	2.5	4.4	<0.001
Chronic kidney disease (%)	5.0	4.0	<0.001
Chronic liver disease (%)	1.1	1.7	<0.001
Computed tomography scan (%)	3.1	2.8	<0.001
Angiography (%)	4.3	5.8	<0.001

IQR= interquartile range.