Table 4.
QTLs for quality traits and QTL × environment interaction detected in the Gaocheng 8901/Zhoumai 16 population based on the linkage map from the 90 K iSelect SNP genotyping assay.
| Single environment analysis | Multiple-environment analysis | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QTL | Environment | Closest marker | Distance (cM) | LOD | Add | R2 (%) | Add | AbyE_I | AbyE_II | AbyE_III |
| MIXOGRAPH MIDLINE PEAK TIME (MPT) | ||||||||||
| QMPT.caas.1AS | I, II | BS00074517_51 | 0.03 | 2.6~3.5 | −0.23~–0.25 | 5.9~7.5 | ||||
| QMPT.caas.1BL | I, II, III, A | wsnp_Ra_c7527_12935330 | 0.05 | 8.7~14.5 | −0.26~–0.36 | 6.6~11.3 | −0.07 | 0.05 | −0.12 | 0.07 |
| QMPT.caas.1DL | I, II, III, A | GENE–0511_484 | 0.02 | 22.7~29.6 | −0.44~–0.53 | 37.6~52.6 | −0.48 | −0.07 | 0.05 | 0.01 |
| QMPT.caas.2BS.1 | I, II, III, A | BS00109268_51 | 0.03 | 2.8~3.4 | −0.18~–0.21 | 5.8~6.9 | ||||
| QMPT.caas.2BS.2 | I, II, A | Tdurum_contig65756_350 | 0.04 | 3.1~4.5 | −0.25~–0.30 | 6.5~9.9 | ||||
| QMPT.caas.4BS | II, III | BS00022534_51 | 0.06 | 3.6~4.4 | −0.18~–0.21 | 6.7~8.1 | −0.14 | −0.05 | 0.05 | 0.00 |
| QMPT.caas.4BL | II, III, A | RAC875_rep_c72961_977 | 0.02 | 4.6~6.4 | 0.21~0.29 | 9.5~13.6 | ||||
| QMPT.caas.5AL* | I, II, III, A | wsnp_CAP11_c1740_947838 | 1.00 | 2.6~3.0 | 0.21~0.25 | 6.9~8.4 | ||||
| QMPT.caas.7AS | I, III | wsnp_CAP12_c3056_1439567 | 0.07 | 2.7~3.7 | −0.17~–0.23 | 6.2~8.2 | ||||
| QMPT.caas.7DL* | I, II, III, A | Excalibur_c30913_512 | 0.02 | 2.8~3.3 | 0.17~0.20 | 6.3~7.8 | ||||
| MIXOGRAPH MIDLINE PEAK VALUE (MPV) | ||||||||||
| QMPV.caas.1AL | I, II, III, A | Glu–A1 | 1.03 | 7.8~11.3 | −1.50~–2.07 | 15.8~21.9 | −0.60 | 0.51 | −0.92 | 0.41 |
| QMPV.caas.1BL | I, II, III, A | H20 | 0.05 | 19.7~30.3 | −1.80~–1.95 | 13.4~21.6 | −1.61 | 0.00 | 0.03 | −0.04 |
| QMPV.caas.1DL | I, III, A | RAC875_c44639_317 | 0.05 | 3.1~3.8 | 1.00~1.01 | 7.5~8.5 | 0.54 | 0.54 | −0.20 | −0.34 |
| QMPV.caas.3B* | I, II, A | BS00106922_51 | 0.01 | 5.8~6.9 | −1.70~–2.10 | 13.2~14.9 | ||||
| QMPV.caas.3BL* | II, III, A | TA003797–0888 | 0.03 | 4.5~5.2 | 1.15~1.18 | 10.8~11.3 | ||||
| QMPV.caas.5AL* | I, II, III, A | Tdurum_contig44343_1039 | 1.06 | 3.7~4.9 | −1.26~–1.57 | 9.8~12.8 | ||||
| QMPV.caas.5BL | II, III, A | IAAV5469 | 0.02 | 2.6~4.0 | 0.89~1.36 | 5.9~9.5 | ||||
| QMPV.caas.6AS | I, II, A | BS00022628_51 | 0.00 | 3.1~3.7 | −0.92~–1.05 | 6.7~7.6 | ||||
| QMPV.caas.6AL | I, III, A | BobWhite_c3714_659 | 0.02 | 3.2~3.9 | −1.44~–1.46 | 7.0~9.9 | ||||
| QMPV.caas.6BL* | I, II, III, A | Kukri_c61680_247 | 0.07 | 2.9~4.4 | 1.09~1.40 | 6.5~10.0 | ||||
| QMPV.caas.7AS | I, II, III | RAC875_c4889_1393 | 0.00 | 2.6~4.1 | 0.91~1.14 | 6.3~9.1 | 0.54 | −0.19 | 0.06 | 0.13 |
| MIXOGRAPH MIDLINE PEAK WIDTH (MPW) | ||||||||||
| QMPW.caas.1AL | I, II, III, A | Glu–A1 | 1.03 | 8.0~10.4 | −1.47~–1.48 | 18.3~21.6 | −0.95 | −0.46 | 0.97 | −0.51 |
| QMPW.caas.1BL | I, II, III, A | H20 | 0.05 | 8.0~21.4 | −1.01~–1.51 | 6.1~15.8 | −0.77 | 0.03 | 0.49 | −0.51 |
| QMPW.caas.2BL.1* | I, II, A | Excalibur_c74466_344 | 0.02 | 4.4~4.5 | −1.10~–1.30 | 10.1~10.4 | ||||
| QMPW.caas.2BL.2* | I, II | IACX45 | 0.40 | 2.9~3.8 | 0.98~1.30 | 8.5~9.5 | ||||
| QMPW.caas.3B | II, III, A | Kukri_rep_c73303_688 | 0.03 | 2.7~4.0 | −0.79~–1.02 | 5.8~8.4 | ||||
| QMPW.caas.5AL | II, III | RAC875_c23340_2243 | 0.80 | 2.6~2.9 | 0.77~1.04 | 6.7~6.8 | ||||
| QMPW.caas.5BS* | I, II | CAP11_c2608_130 | 0.90 | 3.1 | 0.86~0.92 | 6.7~7.2 | ||||
| QMPW.caas.7AL* | II, III, A | Tdurum_contig57301_395 | 0.06 | 2.6~5.0 | 0.83~1.00 | 5.9~11.1 | −0.32 | 0.33 | −0.56 | 0.23 |
| MIXOGRAPH MIDLINE TIME 8 WIDTH (MTxW) | ||||||||||
| QMTXW.caas.1BL | I, II, A | Tdurum_contig43910_1113 | 0.01 | 8.6~17.4 | −0.58~–1.12 | 6.0~12.4 | −0.74 | −0.53 | 0.14 | 0.39 |
| QMTXW.caas.1DL | I, II, III, A | GENE-0511_484 | 0.02 | 3.4~5.1 | −0.42~–1.37 | 8.2~12.0 | −0.66 | −0.51 | 0.27 | 0.24 |
| QMTXW.caas.2AS | I, III, A | wsnp_CAP8_c1580_908907 | 0.02 | 2.8~3.2 | −0.39~–0.62 | 7.2~8.5 | −0.42 | −0.16 | 0.19 | −0.02 |
| QMTxW.caas.2BS* | I, II, III, A | Excalibur_c84424_334 | 0.72 | 2.6~4.4 | −0.52~–1.12 | 5.9~10.1 | ||||
| QMTxW.caas.4B | I, II, III, A | RAC875_c65971_127 | 0.01 | 3.0~4.9 | −0.40~–1.49 | 6.9~11.0 | −0.54 | −0.62 | 0.25 | 0.36 |
| QMTxW.caas.5BL* | II, III, A | TA002756-0960 | 0.03 | 2.6~4.1 | 0.51~0.76 | 5.3~9.8 | ||||
| RVA PEAK VISCOSITY (PV) | ||||||||||
| QPV.caas.5BL | I, III, A | Excalibur_c28091_279 | 0.50 | 2.6~3.5 | −62.25~–101.11 | 5.3~8.8 | ||||
| QPV.caas.6AL | II, III | wsnp_Ex_c34597_42879693 | 0.46 | 2.7~2.8 | 58.55~86.21 | 6.5~6.9 | ||||
| QPV.caas.6BL.1 | I, II | D_contig19487_399 | 0.00 | 2.6~3.1 | −77.55~–78.17 | 6.3~7.2 | ||||
| QPV.caas.6BL.2 | I, II, A | RAC875_c50348_93 | 5.00 | 3.3~5.7 | 86.47~103.09 | 10.3~12.7 | ||||
| QPV.caas.7BL | II, III, A | RAC875_c62671_1019 | 1.00 | 2.8~3.6 | −57.80~–85.70 | 6.4~10.0 | −48.66 | 1.66 | −4.81 | 3.14 |
| RVA TROUGH VISCOSITY (TV) | ||||||||||
| QTV.caas.1BL* | I, II, A | Kukri_c7770_176 | 0.02 | 9.9~23.8 | −60.60~–87.10 | 7.6~17.9 | ||||
| QTV.caas.5BL.1* | I, II, A | Kukri_c6717_2903 | 0.01 | 3.5~4.7 | 45.09~63.35 | 7.6~9.9 | ||||
| QTV.caas.5BL.2* | I, II, A | Excalibur_c51744_536 | 1.98 | 2.6~4.0 | −47.54~–67.10 | 5.7~10.3 | ||||
| QTV.caas.5BL.3* | I, III, A | BS00039874_51 | 0.04 | 2.7~3.9 | 62.01~73.78 | 6.1~8.1 | ||||
| QTV.caas.6BS* | I, II | Kukri_c48571_361 | 0.03 | 2.7~4.5 | −52.32~–73.60 | 6.7~10.5 | ||||
| RVA BREAKDOWN (BD) | ||||||||||
| QBD.caas.5AS* | I, III, A | Excalibur_c51706_263 | 0.04 | 3.2~4.5 | 37.83~45.77 | 6.8~10.6 | 30.30 | −8.38 | 9.24 | −0.85 |
| QBD.caas.7DL* | I, II, III, A | Excalibur_c4508_1007 | 0.01 | 3.0~6.7 | −41.70~–53.38 | 10.4~14.0 | −38.44 | −0.40 | −1.67 | 2.07 |
| RVA FINAL VISCOSITY (FV) | ||||||||||
| QFV.caas.5AS* | I, II, A | RFL_Contig2251_434 | 0.05 | 3.3~4.4 | 67.37~92.30 | 7.6~10.5 | ||||
| QFV.caas.5AL* | I, II | Excalibur_c7180_862 | 0.17 | 3.1~3.5 | −59.57~–85.19 | 7.2~8.0 | ||||
| QFV.caas.5BL.1 | I, II | Kukri_c6717_2903 | 0.01 | 2.6~4.8 | 49.95~73.32 | 6.2~9.5 | ||||
| QFV.caas.5BL.2 | I, III, A | BS00031339_51 | 0.01 | 4.3~6.7 | −103.30~–143.61 | 9.9~13.6 | ||||
| QFV.caas.7DL* | I, II | Excalibur_c4508_1007 | 0.01 | 2.7~3.5 | −57.24~–71.05 | 6.5~8.6 | ||||
| RVA SETBACK (SB) | ||||||||||
| QSB.caas.1AL* | II, III | wsnp_Ex_c1427_2736441 | 0.02 | 2.6~2.9 | −35.06~–43.44 | 6.2~6.4 | ||||
| QSB.caas.5BL* | I, III | Jagger_c4951_122 | 0.04 | 2.6~5.1 | −43.16~–62.77 | 5.8~11.1 | ||||
| QSB.caas.6BL | II, III, A | Excalibur_c64024_119 | 0.90 | 2.8~3.4 | −40.82~–48.73 | 6.8~8.8 | ||||
| RVA PEAK TIME (PTI) | ||||||||||
| QPTI.caas.1BL* | I, III, A | BS00022124_51 | 0.02 | 9.8~10.9 | 0.03~0.04 | 6.7~8.5 | 0.03 | −0.02 | 0.00 | 0.02 |
| QPTI.caas.2AL* | I, II, III, A | Excalibur_c6710_2192 | 0.00 | 2.8~5.7 | 0.02~0.04 | 6.4~12.5 | ||||
| QPTI.caas.3B* | I, III, A | BS00023645_51 | 0.02 | 2.7~4.5 | 0.02~0.05 | 6.1~10.3 | ||||
| QPTI.caas.3BL* | II, III, A | wsnp_Ex_c36937_44788679 | 0.07 | 3.7~5.7 | −0.03~–0.05 | 7.9~11.6 | −0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | −0.03 |
| QPTI.caas.3DL | I, II, A | Kukri_c24037_162 | 1.05 | 4.7~6.9 | −0.04~–0.05 | 13.0~16.6 | ||||
| QPTI.caas.4AS | I, II, III, A | RAC875_rep_c106151_123 | 0.03 | 3.6~5.8 | 0.03–0.05 | 8.3~12.1 | ||||
| QPTI.caas.4AL | I, III, A | Excalibur_c20818_585 | 0.01 | 3.5~4.2 | 0.02–0.05 | 7.7~8.9 | ||||
| QPTI.caas.5BL* | I, II | BS00071207_51 | 0.02 | 2.7~3.8 | −0.02~–0.05 | 6.4~8.9 | ||||
| QPTI.caas.7DS | II, III | wsnp_BE490643D_Ta_2_1 | 0.04 | 2.6~5.1 | −0.04 | 6.6~12.1 | −0.02 | 0.01 | −0.01 | 0.00 |
| MIXOLAB WATER ABSORPTION (WA) | ||||||||||
| QWA.caas.1AL | I, II, III, A | IACX5793 | 0.02 | 4.4~8.0 | −0.89~–0.98 | 10.3~17.7 | −0.66 | 0.28 | −0.15 | −0.13 |
| QWA.caas.2AS | I, II | Excalibur_rep_c105284_131 | 0.08 | 3.0~3.6 | 0.67~1.03 | 6.3~8.0 | ||||
| QWA.caas.2BS | II, III | Kukri_c60090_82 | 0.06 | 2.6~3.0 | −0.65~–0.67 | 6.0~7.2 | ||||
| QWA.caas.4AL | I, III | Excalibur_c15280_1242 | 0.18 | 2.6 | −0.56~–0.70 | 5.4~5.5 | ||||
| QWA.caas.4BS | II, III | RAC875_c16017_1107 | 0.01 | 2.7 | 0.53~0.57 | 5.9~6.2 | ||||
| QWA.caas.5DS | I, II, III, A | Ha | 0.00 | 3.6~5.3 | −0.66~–1.00 | 8.0~11.8 | −0.75 | −0.40 | 0.15 | 0.25 |
| QWA.caas.6A | II, III, A | BS00067934_51 | 0.05 | 2.6~3.7 | −0.56~–0.62 | 7.5~7.9 | ||||
| QWA.caas.6BS | I, II, III, A | Tdurum_contig64467_233 | 0.07 | 3.1~4.9 | 0.70~0.78 | 6.4~10.6 | 0.53 | −0.19 | 0.05 | 0.14 |
| QWA.caas.6BL | I, III | GENE-1074_108 | 0.03 | 2.7~3.7 | 0.70~0.81 | 6.3~8.3 | ||||
| QWA.caas.7AS | I, II, III, A | Excalibur_c9183_1397 | 0.00 | 3.9~5.0 | −0.82~–1.10 | 8.6~11.5 | ||||
| QWA.caas.7AL | I, II, III, A | wsnp_Ex_rep_c67593_66232317 | 0.03 | 2.9~4.5 | 0.71~0.83 | 6.3~9.5 | ||||
| QWA.caas.7BL | I, II, III, A | Tdurum_contig59755_568 | 0.04 | 3.5~4.6 | −0.83~–1.13 | 8.8~11.1 | ||||
| QWA.caas.7DS | II, III, A | Excalibur_c22419_460 | 0.00 | 3.5~4.4 | −0.69~–0.82 | 7.6~10.5 | −0.42 | 0.14 | 0.01 | −0.15 |
| MIXOLAB DEVELOPMENT TIME (DT) | ||||||||||
| QDT.caas.1AL | I, II, III, A | Glu-A1 | 0.02 | 4.3~5.4 | −0.40~–0.54 | 10.5~11.9 | −0.30 | −0.03 | 0.05 | −0.03 |
| QDT.caas.1DL | I, II, III, A | BS00018250_51 | 0.15 | 8.5~13.7 | −0.44~–0.71 | 17.7~29.7 | −0.21 | 0.17 | 0.13 | −0.31 |
| QDT.caas.2AL | I, II, III, A | Kukri_c12849_1392 | 0.03 | 2.7~3.7 | −0.26~–0.37 | 6.3~9.8 | ||||
| QDT.caas.2DS.1 | I, II | wsnp_Ex_c12947_20510337 | 0.07 | 2.8~3.0 | 0.40~0.51 | 6.5~9.8 | ||||
| QDT.caas.2DS.2 | I, II | wsnp_Ra_rep_c116793_96612614 | 2.06 | 2.9~3.5 | −0.40~–0.43 | 7.5~8.8 | ||||
| QDT.caas.2DL | I, III | RFL_Contig4790_1091 | 0.01 | 2.8~3.6 | −0.28~–0.32 | 6.4~8.6 | ||||
| QDT.caas.4B | I, III, A | Kukri_rep_c69273_148 | 1.00 | 2.8~3.4 | −0.27~–0.40 | 7.3~7.9 | ||||
| QDT.caas.4BL | I, II, III, A | RAC875_rep_c72961_977 | 0.04 | 3.5~4.2 | 0.32~0.42 | 7.6~9.5 | ||||
| MIXOLAB STABILITY TIME (ST) | ||||||||||
| QST.caas.1B | I, II, III, A | Tdurum_contig43910_1113 | 0.01 | 10.6~22.4 | −0.55~–0.83 | 7.8~15.8 | ||||
| QST.caas.1DL | I, II, III, A | Glu-D1 | 0.08 | 10.6~12.9 | −0.83~–1.16 | 19.4~26.9 | −0.31 | 0.25 | 0.26 | −0.51 |
| QST.caas.2BS.1 | I, II, III, A | Tdurum_contig42636_995 | 0.04 | 2.8~4.2 | 0.61~0.72 | 6.0~9.2 | ||||
| QST.caas.2BS.2 | I, II, III, A | Tdurum_contig65756_350 | 0.04 | 3.5~5.5 | −0.62~–0.89 | 7.9~12.0 | −0.32 | 0.02 | −0.05 | 0.03 |
| QST.caas.3BS | II, III | wsnp_Ra_c16264_24873670 | 0.08 | 2.8~3.0 | −0.05 | 6.2~6.4 | ||||
| QST.caas.4BS | I, II, III, A | Kukri_c34633_69 | 0.90 | 3.0~4.1 | −0.49~–0.62 | 6.8~9.5 | −0.32 | 0.13 | 0.02 | −0.15 |
| QST.caas.4BL | I, II, A | RAC875_rep_c72961_977 | 0.04 | 3.3~4.6 | 0.57~0.91 | 7.2~10.0 | ||||
| QST.caas.5AS | I, III, A | wsnp_Ex_c15046_23216392 | 0.30 | 2.9~3.3 | −0.53~–0.62 | 7.3~7.7 | ||||
| QST.caas.6BS | I, II, A | BS00077897_51 | 0.05 | 2.6~3.2 | −0.51~–0.64 | 6.5~7.7 | ||||
| MIXOLAB C2 (C2) | ||||||||||
| QC2.caas.1DL | I, II, III, A | Glu-D1 | 0.08 | 3.2~8.4 | −0.02~–0.03 | 6.4~18.6 | ||||
| QC2.caas.2BS.1 | I, II, A | Tdurum_contig42636_995 | 0.04 | 2.8~3.5 | 0.02 | 6.1~7.8 | ||||
| QC2.caas.2BS.2 | I, II, III, A | Kukri_c14335_2382 | 0.02 | 2.9~6.5 | −0.02~–0.03 | 8.3~15.7 | −0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.01 |
| QC2.caas.4B | I, II, III, A | Kukri_rep_c69273_148 | 1.00 | 3.4~3.8 | −0.02 | 8.5~9.2 | −0.01 | −0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 |
| QC2.caas.5AS | I, III, A | wsnp_Ex_c15046_23216392 | 0.30 | 3.9~5.3 | −0.02 | 8.6~11.0 | −0.01 | 0.00 | −0.01 | 0.01 |
| MIXOLAB C3 (C3) | ||||||||||
| QC3.caas.1DS | II, III | TA003135-0494 | 0.04 | 2.7~6.8 | 0.08~0.11 | 7.4~17.3 | ||||
| QC3.caas.3AS.1 | II, III, A | Excalibur_c48057_110 | 0.03 | 2.7~3.4 | −0.06~–0.07 | 1.7~9.0 | ||||
| QC3.caas.3AS.2 | I, II, III, A | CAP8_c2839_118 | 3.05 | 3.4~4.0 | 0.05~0.08 | 8.4~9.9 | 0.03 | −0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 |
| QC3.caas.3BL | II, III, A | Excalibur_c2362_472 | 0.02 | 2.6~4.7 | 0.07~0.08 | 9.0~11.0 | ||||
| QC3.caas.4BS | I, II, III, A | Kukri_c56202_108 | 0.02 | 2.7~4.3 | −0.04~–0.06 | 5.8~8.3 | −0.04 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 |
| QC3.caas.4BL | I, II, A | Excalibur_c20411_127 | 0.00 | 3.2~3.3 | −0.05~–0.06 | 6.7~7.0 | ||||
| QC3.caas.5BL.1 | I, III, A | BS00031339_51 | 0.02 | 4.1~6.4 | −0.07~–0.08 | 8.0~13.0 | ||||
| QC3.caas.5BL.2 | II, III, A | wsnp_Ex_c39535_46808105 | 0.00 | 3.1~5.2 | −0.04~–0.07 | 5.8~11.8 | −0.03 | 0.01 | 0.03 | −0.03 |
| MIXOLAB C4 (C4) | ||||||||||
| QC4.caas.2BS | I, II, A | RAC875_c56101_368 | 0.02 | 2.7~3.0 | −0.05~–0.09 | 6.3~6.5 | ||||
| QC4.caas.4AS | I, III | wsnp_Ra_c10536_17322563 | 0.02 | 2.6~3.7 | 0.06~0.09 | 5.2~9.0 | 0.05 | 0.03 | −0.03 | −0.01 |
| QC4.caas.4BL | I, II, A | Excalibur_c20411_127 | 0.00 | 3.1~5.8 | −0.05~–0.08 | 6.8~11.7 | ||||
| QC4.caas.5BL.1 | I, III, A | BS00031339_51 | 0.02 | 5.3~7.3 | −0.10~–0.13 | 10.6~15.2 | −0.04 | −0.03 | 0.02 | 0.00 |
| QC4.caas.5BL.2 | I, III, A | wsnp_Ex_c16100_24532224 | 0.01 | 2.9~4.2 | 0.06~0.08 | 6.0~7.6 | ||||
| QC4.caas.6BL | II, III, A | BS00022462_51 | 0.00 | 3.5~3.8 | 0.06~0.13 | 8.7~8.8 | ||||
| MIXOLAB C5 (C5) | ||||||||||
| QC5.caas.3AS | II, III | Excalibur_c25195_1047 | 0.02 | 2.9~4.9 | 0.12~0.17 | 7.0~11.7 | ||||
| QC5.caas.4AL | I, III, A | BobWhite_c8680_993 | 0.03 | 3.0~4.4 | −0.17~–0.19 | 6.9~8.4 | ||||
| QC5.caas.5BL | I, III, A | BS00031339_51 | 0.02 | 2.9~6.7 | −0.09~–0.21 | 5.5~14.0 | −0.13 | −0.18 | 0.10 | 0.07 |
| QC5.caas.6DS | I, III | RAC875_rep_c85994_258 | 1.07 | 3.0~8.4 | −0.17~–0.30 | 7.8~22.1 | ||||
| QC5.caas.7B | I, III, A | BS00064367_51 | 0.01 | 2.8~3.1 | 0.12~0.13 | 6.0~7.4 | ||||
| QC5.caas.7DS | I, III, A | GENE-3129_828 | 0.74 | 3.2~6.0 | 0.13~0.18 | 7.1~12.1 | 0.09 | 0.02 | −0.02 | 0.00 |
I: Anyang 2012–2013, II: Anyang 2013–2014, III: Suixi 2013–2014, A: Pooled data for three environments.
Add: Additive effect, AbyE: QTL × environment interaction,
*
: New QTLs for Mixograph and RVA parameters.
See footnote of Table 1 for abbreviations.