Table 1.
Risk factors
| Pneumonia at the SU | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
| Patient characteristics | 56447 (94.8 %) | 3111 (5.2 %) | P | 5–95 % CI | OR | p |
| Age, y, median (interquartile range) | 72.9 (62.8, 81.3) | 79.8 (72, 85.1) | <0.001 | Age 55–64 | ||
| 1.54–2.39 | 1.92 | <0.001 | ||||
| Age 75–84 | ||||||
| 1.38–1.67 | 1.52 | <0.001 | ||||
| Female sex, n (%) | 26521 (47) | 1457 (46.8) | 0.87 | 0.51–0.61 | 0.56 | <0.001 |
| Time onset-admission, median (interquartile range) | 120 (61, 280) | 90 (57, 156) | <0.001 | |||
| Stroke syndrome, n (%) | ||||||
| LACS | 17592 (31.2) | 362 (11.6) | <0.001 | |||
| PACS | 21627 (38.3) | 1214 (39 | 0.428 | |||
| TACS | 5678 (10.1) | 1069 (34.4) | <0.001 | |||
| POCS | 9555 (16.9) | 386 (12.4) | <0.001 | |||
| mRS 0 before stroke, n (%) | 39601 (70.2) | 1507 (48.4) | <0.001 | |||
| NIHSS on admission, (median, interquartile range) | 3 (1, 7) | 14 (8, 20) | <0.001 | |||
| Left hemisphere | 25692 (45.5) | 1446 (46.5) | 0.293 | 0.78–0.93 | 0.85 | <0.001 |
| Right hemisphere | 19853 (35.2) | 1250 (40.2) | <0.001 | |||
| Both hemispheres | 987 (1.7) | 67 (2.2) | 0.095 | |||
| Brainstem or cerebellum | 9915 (17.6) | 348 (11.1) | <0.001 | |||
| Atrial Fibrillation, n (%) | 14031 (24.9) | 1596 (51.3) | <0.001 | 1.15–1.38 | 1.26 | <0.001 |
| Previous stroke, n (%) | 13171 (23.3) | 917 (29.5) | <0.001 | |||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 44776 (79.3) | 2608 (83.8) | <0.001 | |||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 14041 (24.9) | 954 (30.7) | <0.001 | |||
| Coronary heart disease, % | 5108 (9.0) | 426 (13.7) | <0.001 | |||
| Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | 3822 (6.8) | 311 (10.0) | <0.001 | |||
| Regular alcohol use, n (%) | 4501 (8.0) | 290 (9.3) | 0.007 | 1.3–1.75 | 1.51 | <0.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 10346 (18.3) | 449 (14.4) | <0.001 | |||
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 30754 (54.5) | 1440 (46.3) | <0.001 | |||
LACS denotes lacunar syndrome, PACS partial anterior circulation syndrome, TACS total anterior circulation syndrome, POCS posterior circulation syndrome, NIHSS National Institute of Health Stoke Scale, mRS modified Rankin scale. Numbers are n and % or median and interquartile range, as indicated. OR denotes odds ratio, CI confidence interval. Multivariate analysis is continued in Table 2