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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biomaterials. 2016 Jun 2;101:272–284. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.05.051

Figure 1. CAT-NP retention and spatial distribution within 3D biofilm structure.

Figure 1

a , Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the morphology of untreated biofilm and (b) treated with CAT-NP (CAT-NP bound; see arrows). Magnified view of CAT-NP in the selected area (b1). SEM/EDS images showing iron (pink) distribution on biofilms (b2). c, CAT-NP bound on biofilm as determined by measuring iron amounts with ICP-MS. d, 3D architecture of untreated biofilm. e, Spatial distribution of CAT-NP in treated biofilm: f, CAT-NP (white); g, bacteria (green); h, EPS (red) are observed with confocal microscopy. i, Cross-sectional merged images of top and middle areas of the biofilm. j, Orthogonal distribution of CAT-NP, and (k) bacteria and EPS across biofilm thickness