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. 2015 Apr 30;59(6):1095–1106. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201400803

Figure 2.

Figure 2

OxLDL‐stimulated IL‐6 production in HUVECs co‐incubated with C3G, phenolic metabolites or LDL controls for 24 h. (A) cells incubated with or without LDL (5 μg/mL); (B–G) cells incubated with C3G or phenolic metabolites at 0.1, 1 and 10 μM and oxLDL. All data expressed as mean percentage (± SD, n = 3) of oxLDL‐induced controls (expressed as 100%). ***p ≤ 0.001, **p ≤ 0.01, *p ≤ 0.05 (analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey post‐hoc) relative to oxLDL‐stimulated control cells. C3G, cyanidin‐3‐glucoside; PCA, protocatechuic acid; PGA, phloroglucinaldehyde; VA, vanillic acid; IVA, isovanillic acid; PCA‐4‐Gluc, PCA‐4‐glucuronide; PCA‐3‐Gluc, PCA‐3‐glucuronide; PCA‐3‐Sulf, PCA‐3‐sulfate; PCA‐4‐Sulf, PCA‐4‐sulfate; VA‐4‐Sulf, VA‐4‐sulfate; IVA‐3‐Sulf, IVA‐3‐sulfate; FA, ferulic acid.