Table I.
Dietary energy intake.
| Control (n=37) | 10DF (n=40) | 20DF (n=40) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Baseline | 1 month | Baseline | 1 month | Baseline | 1 month |
| Energy (kcal/day) | 2326.40±759.24 | 1701.80±246.65a | 2232.71±823.95 | 1724.86±240.46a | 2371.13±994.31 | 1799.37±295.76a |
| Protein (g/day) | 75.24±34.34 | 62.33±15.27b | 75.66±31.97 | 65.13±15.94a | 87.12±45.25 | 67.35±15.80a |
| (% of energy) | 13.56±3.58 | 14.04±2.16 | 14.15±3.46 | 15.38±2.84 | 14.24±3.47 | 14.87±2.58 |
| Fat (g/day) | 118.84±82.42 | 59.90±17.77a | 83.60±57.51 | 62.52±14.08b | 97.80±59.78 | 68.64±15.92a |
| (% of energy) | 38.23±14.56 | 24.00±2.86a | 34.71±13.27 | 23.97±2.89a | 36.25±10.83 | 24.25±2.67a |
| Carbohydrate (g/day) | 254.71±84.62 | 227.40±42.36b | 270.10±88.94 | 241.74±54.76b | 290.69±119.85 | 252.80±70.41b |
| (% of energy) | 48.21±14.40 | 61.96±3.92a | 51.14±12.86 | 60.65±4.21a | 49.51±12.68 | 60.88±3.47a |
| Dietary fiber (g/day) | 14.58±9.38 | 14.25±4.53 | 15.68±9.37 | 24.92±4.67a,c | 17.36±9.17 | 35.88±4.57a,c |
| Cholesterol (mg/day) | 502.55±334.87 | 221.17±69.84a | 450.67±323.85 | 232.46±63.01a | 621.61±523.25 | 227.87±63.62a |
| Vit A (mg/day) | 555.61±179.60 | 608.81±162.05 | 542.95±151.30 | 611.25±173.07 | 655.85±143.65 | 618.54±151.42 |
| Vit B1 (mg/day) | 1.34±0.54 | 1.15±0.60 | 1.20±0.59 | 1.42±0.66 | 1.44±0.66 | 1.51±0.91 |
| Vit B2 (mg/day) | 0.90±0.42 | 0.85±0.48 | 0.87±0.33 | 0.98±0.66 | 1.03±0.51 | 1.17±0.78 |
| Vit C (mg/day) | 79.67±58.10 | 120.62±117.32 | 108.43±72.80 | 171.38±180.15 | 145.30±100.08c | 144.47±129.14 |
| Vit E (mg/day) | 27.80±17.80 | 42.97±19.02 | 17.47±10.21 | 31.60±23.36 | 36.49±23.46 | 38.32±20.57 |
| Vit PP (mg/day) | 18.00±10.00 | 14.80±8.83 | 15.31±8.56 | 18.04±9.01 | 17.60±8.66 | 16.44±9.80 |
| K (mg/day) | 1805.80±970.24 | 1879.44±1318.64 | 2122.18±1424.78 | 2333.63±1357.68 | 2404.96±1197.49 | 2646.09±1004.37 |
| Na (mg/day) | 488.07±441.22 | 397.91±203.13 | 441.47±181.95 | 554.97±464.17 | 645.86±418.65 | 563.97±400.39 |
| Ca (mg/day) | 367.59±174.58 | 409.55±228.40 | 440.87±220.15 | 451.23±293.72 | 538.83±296.37 | 584.43±442.31 |
| Mg (mg/day) | 304.84±198.87 | 323.58±227.09 | 346.87±255.97 | 383.31±217.49 | 380.53±196.12 | 439.85±284.76 |
| Fe (mg/day) | 19.71±8.40 | 18.93±9.98 | 19.60±10.14 | 21.47±8.89 | 24.04±9.96 | 24.52±14.86 |
| Mn (mg/day) | 4.92±2.48 | 5.05±2.46 | 5.38±2.83 | 5.96±2.82 | 6.39±2.54 | 7.31±4.32 |
| Zn (mg/day) | 12.21±4.74 | 11.02±4.54 | 11.61±3.99 | 12.65±5.68 | 13.25±5.42 | 13.64±7.12 |
| Cu (mg/day) | 1.90±1.21 | 1.99±1.22 | 2.18±1.28 | 2.33±1.31 | 2.45±1.18 | 2.68±1.64 |
| Se (mg/day) | 46.59±25.64 | 36.21±17.57 | 39.29±14.17 | 41.48±19.05 | 52.40±37.41 | 41.53±20.29 |
| P (mg/day) | 1076.22±521.14 | 1031.75±490.89 | 1070.40±421.21 | 1170.73±540.84 | 1266.12±530.88 | 1382.31±791.55 |
Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation.
a
P<0.01
b
P<0.05, vs. the baseline
c
P<0.01 vs. the control group. 10DF, 10 g/day dietary fiber; 20DF, 20 g/day dietary fiber; Vit, vitamin.