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. 2016 Jul 18;16:593. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3210-y

Table 4.

Rate of anti-TB drug resistance in current and other studies conducted between 1984 and 2015 in Ethiopia

Type of the study Study time Sample size Rate of anti-TB resistance
Primary resistance Secondary resistance Overall resistance (primary plus secondary resistance)
Any-resistance (%) MDR-TB (%) Any- resistance (%) MDR-TB (%) Any- resistance (%) MDR-TB (%)
Community-based Institution-based
Current study 2014 33073a 15.3 2.4 48.8 14.3 21.7 4.7
Demissie M et al. [34] 1994 167b 15.6 0.6
Bruchfeld et. al [22] 1996–1997 509 14.6 0.9 11.1 0 15.7 1.7
Abate et al. [35] 1998 30c 50 12
Demissie et al. [40] 1998 12.9 0.6
Gebeyehu M et al. [23] 2001 203 18.2 0 31.6 0 19.5 0
First National Drug resistance survey [7] 2003–2005 804 1.6 11.5
Desta K et al. [36] 2004–2005 297b 27.4 0
Abate D et al. [13] 2004–2008 376c 72.9 46.3
Asmamaw et al. [25] 2004–2005 173b 21.4 0.6
Agonafir M et al. [9] 2005–2006 114c 25 2.3 85.7 63.5 60.8 38.3
Tessema B et al. [10] 2009 260 10.7 3.7 39.1 10.9 15.8 5.0
Abebe G et al. [11] 2010–2011 136b 18.4 1.5
Esmael A et al. [37] 2010–2011 230 23.6 1.8 58.5 18.5 33.5 6.5
Yimer et al. [26] 2012 112b 30.1 1.0
Seyoum et al. [8] 2011–2013 408b 23 1.1
Nigus et al. [12] 2012–2013 606b 15.3
Second National Drug resistance survey (7) 2014 1651 2.3 17.8
Mulisa G et al. [38] 2015 439c 33.2 %

a Of the study population, 106 TB cases were diagnosed

b Only new cases

c Previously treated and now presumptive for MDR-TB