Table 3.
Overall and subgroup meta-analysis of OS and PKM2 expression in digestive tumors
| Categories | Cohorts (n) | HR (95% CI) | I2 (%) | Ph-value | Z | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 18 (2,812) | 1.74 (1.44–2.11) | 61.3 | <0.001 | 5.72 | <0.001 |
| Cancer type | ||||||
| GC | 4 (836) | 1.54 (1.08–2.21) | 62.8 | 0.045 | 2.36 | 0.018 |
| Esophageal squamous cell cancer | 4 (642) | 1.71 (1.38–2.12)F | 0.0 | 0.440 | 4.88 | <0.001 |
| Hepatocellular cancer | 3 (808) | 1.92 (1.52–2.42)F | 0.0 | 0.715 | 5.45 | <0.001 |
| PDAC | 2 (151) | 1.03 (0.28–3.76) | 82.1 | 0.018 | 0.04 | 0.968 |
| Biliary cancer | 3 (201) | 2.11 (1.50–2.95)F | 0.0 | 0.770 | 4.31 | <0.001 |
| Oral cancer | 2 (174) | 3.49 (1.97–6.18)F | 0.0 | 0.396 | 4.29 | <0.001 |
| Population | ||||||
| Asian | 16 (2,622) | 1.79 (1.59–2.02)F | 31.0 | 0.115 | 9.62 | <0.001 |
| Western | 2 (190) | 1.03 (0.32–3.29) | 91.4 | 0.001 | 0.05 | 0.963 |
| Sample size | ||||||
| ≥100 | 12 (2,426) | 1.59 (1.27–2.00) | 69.9 | <0.001 | 4.02 | <0.001 |
| <100 | 6 (386) | 2.25 (1.69–2.99)F | 0.0 | 0.755 | 5.55 | <0.001 |
| Analysis of variable | ||||||
| Multivariate | 15 (2,227) | 1.78 (1.43–2.21) | 61.1 | 0.001 | 5.18 | <0.001 |
| Univariate | 3 (585) | 1.62 (1.03–2.57) | 72.7 | 0.026 | 2.07 | 0.039 |
Notes: All pooled HRs were derived from random-effects model except for cells marked with (fixedF). Ph denotes P-value for heterogeneity based on Q-test; P denotes P-value for statistical significance based on Z-test.
Abbreviations: PKM2, pyruvate kinase M2; GC, gastric cancer; OS, overall survival; CI, confidence intervals; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; HR, hazard ratio.