Table 1. Characteristics of studies.

Reference	Year	Study design	Participants	No. of subjects	Geographic regions	Baseline endometrial thickness1_T2 (mm)	Baseline endometrial thickness1_C2(mm)	Isoflavone dose (mg/d)	Source of isoflavone	Study duration (week)
D.H.Upmlis et al.	2000	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	122	USA	3.5±1.9	3.7±2.7	50	Soy	12
G. E. Hale et al.	2001	Double-blind RCT	Perimenopausal	24	Austria	7.09±2.85	6.46±1.7	50	Red clover	12
Kyung K.Han et al.	2002	Double-blind RCT	Perimenopausal	80	Brazil	3.3±0.1SE	2.6±0.1SE	100	Isoflavone tablet	16
A.Sammartino et al.	2003	RCT	postmenopausal	63	Europe	3.2(2.3-4.5)	3.1(2.3-4.2)	36	Genistein	48
M.J.Murray et al.	2003	RCT	postmenopausal	15	USA	3±1	3.6±1.6	120	Isoflavone tablet	24
M.Penotti et al.	2003	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	62	Europe	2.6±1.8	3.2±1.8	36	Soy	24
A.Crisafulli et al.	2004	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	60	Europe	3.2±0.25SE	3.3±0.33SE	54	Isoflavone tablet	48
E.Nikander et al.	2005	double blind cross over RCT	postmenopausal	56	Europe	2.4±1.5	2.1±1.1	114	Isoflavone tablet	12
M.Imhof et al.	2006	crossover RCT	postmenopausal	109	Austria	/	/	80	Red clover	13
E.A.P.Nahas et al.	2007	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	76	Brazil	3median(2.2-4.1) 25-75th	3.7median(2.6-4.1) 25-75th	100	Glycine max	40
G.Cheng et al.	2007	Double-blind prospective randomized study	postmenopausal	51	Europe	2.3±1.1	2±1	60	Soya beans	12
H.Marini et al.	2007	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	389	Italy	3.1±1.5	3.2±1.8	54	Isoflavone tablet	104
G.Zhang et al.	2007	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	100	China	1.82±0.62	1.75±0.58	18	Isoflavone tablet	12
J.Manonai et al.	2008	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	71	Asia	4.07±1.48	4.07±1.39	20,30,50	Pueraria mirifica	24
T.J.Powles et al.	2008	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	401	England	/	/	40	Red clover	156
A.M.Kenny et al.	2009	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	66	USA	2.97±0.81	3.14±0.81	57	Soy	52
R.D'Anna et al.	2009	RCT	postmenopausal	397	Europe	3.1±0.1SE	3.2±0.1SE	54	Isoflavone tablet	104
F.M.Steinberg et al.	2011	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	268	Multicenter	1.8±0.98	2±1.22	102.3	Synthetic	104
M.Evans et al.	2011	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	83	Canada	4.28±1.98	3.66±1.21	30	Synthetic	12
A.Oyama et al.	2012	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	68	Japan	0.2±0.8	0.1±0.5	5	Soy germ fermentation	12
A.M.Quaas et al.	2013	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	224	USA	2.4±1	2.5±1.1	154	Isolated soy protein	156
N.Colacurci et al.	2013	RCT	postmenopausal	124	Europe	3.35±0.95	3.47±1.07	60	Isoflavone tablet	48
D.L.Alekel et al.	2014	Double-blind RCT	postmenopausal	168	USA	1.7±1.1	1.3±0.65	120	Soy bean	156

¹All values are the means ±SDs, means ±SEs, mean (range), median (25th-75th range), or mean (95%CI) reported in the trial

²T: treatment group, C: control group