Figure 6. Decreased TH2/M2 immune response was detected in AS1842856 treated-DRA challenge group compared to the only DRA challenge group.

A. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of gene expression in lung tissues from DRA-challenged mice with or without AS1842856 treatment. B. M2-related Fizz1, Arg1, and IRF4 protein expressions are virtually eliminated by pharmacologic inhibition of FoxO1 (AS1842856). C. Cytokines were detected in BAL fluid of the AS1842856 treated-DRA challenge group was quantified and normalized to the only DRA challenge group using an antibody array. Highlighted cells indicate the down-regulated cytokines compared to DRA only-challenged counterpart. D. CCL17 and CCL22 cytokines were quantified with ELISA in BAL fluid and blood and lung homogenates of AS1842856 pre-treatment group. Data are representative of at least three independent experiments (A-D). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 vs. Saline. #p < 0.05 and ##p < 0.01 vs. DRA alone.