Table 4.

Factors associated with physical and sexual assault of PWID by police in Ukraine (N=1613)

	Lifetime physical assault by policea			Lifetime sexual assault by policea
Covariates	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p
Gender	0.37	[0.26, 0.51]	<0.01	10.73	[4.9, 23.1]	<0.01
Years of injection	1.03	[1.01, 1.04]	<0.01	0.99	[0.95, 1.02]	0.498
Number of incarcerations	1.14	[1.01, 1.34]	0.05	1.09	[0.92, 1.28]	0.289
Last incarceration – violent crime	1.19	[0.65, 2.11]	0.57	Referent
Last incarceration – substance abuse	0.43	[0.25, 0.74]	<0.01	1.13	[0.45, 2.73]	0.791
Last incarceration – other	Referent		–	Referent		–
Income from drug dealing	1.65	[0.86, 3.14]	0.13	2.08	[0.81, 5.27]	0.123
HIV status	–	–	–	1.48	[0.77, 2.82]	0.23
Constant	1.95	[1.1, 3.43]	0.02	0.01	[0.004, 0.03]	<0.01

^aStatistics weighted by the population fractions in each OAT strata and city.

OAT, opioid agonist therapy; PWID, people who inject drugs.