Quality Appraisal of Studies Revieweda
| Lead Author (Year) | Journal | Level of Evidence | No. of Patients | Mean Follow-up (1 = yes, 0 = no) | Control Group (1 = yes, 0 = no) | Randomization (1 = yes, 0 = no) | Standardization (1 = yes, 0 = no) | Selection Bias (1 = yes, 0 = no) | Baseline Characteristics (Function) (1 = yes, 0 = no) | Follow up >12 mo (1 = yes, 0 = no) | Loss to Follow-up >15% | Primary Outcome Excellent/Good | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baumgarten2 (1998) | Am J Sports Med | 4 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | No formal outcome assessment used; 4 of 17 reported any pain | Low to very low |
| Bojanić3 (2012) | Croat Med J | 4 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | 9 | Low to very low |
| Byrd4 (2002) | Am J Sports Med | 4 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | 10 | Low to very low |
| Harada6 (2002) | J Shoulder Elbow Surg | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | No formal outcome assessment used; no pain reported by any with activities of daily living | Low to very low |
| Hennrikus7 (2015) | J Pediatr Orthop | 4 | 24 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | 24.00 | Low to very low |
| Iwasaki8 (2009) | J Bone Joint Surg Am | 4 | 19 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 18 | Low to very low |
| Kosaka10 (2013) | J Pediatr Orthop | 4 | 32 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 29 | Low to very low |
| Kuwahata12 (1998) | Orthopaedics | 4 | 7 patients, 8 elbows | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | No formal outcome assessment used | Low to very low |
| Lewine13 (2015) | J Pediatr Orthop | 4 | 21 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | Average postop Timmerman-Andrews score = 184.3; breakdown by patient not given | Low to very low |
| Lyons14 (2015) | J Shoulder Elbow Surg | 4 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | Average overall DASH score = 1.4; breakdown by patient not given | Low to very low |
| Maruyama15 (2014) | Am J Sports Med | 4 | 33 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 29 | Low to very low |
| McManama16 (1985) | Am J Sports Med | 4 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | 13 | Low to very low |
| Mihara17 (2009) | J Shoulder Elbow Surg | 4 | 27 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | 11 | Low to very low |
| Miyake19 (2011) | J Hand Surg Am | 4 | 106 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | No formal outcome assessment used | Low to very low |
| Nishinaka22 (2014) | J Shoulder Elbow Surg | 4 | 22 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Average postop Timmerman-Andrews score = 169; individual patient breakdown not given | Low to very low |
| Nobuta23 (2008) | Upsala J Med Sci | 4 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | 24 | Low to very low |
| Ruch24 (1998) | Arthroscopy | 4 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | Nonspecified questionnaire used at follow up; no good/excellent scales defined | Low to very low |
| Schoch25 (2010) | Arthroscopy | 4 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | Mean postop DASH score = 8.6 (range, 0-22.41); no breakdown of excellent/good results given | Low to very low |
| Shimada26 (2012) | J Bone Joint Surg Am | 4 | 26 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | 22 | Low to very low |
| Takeda28 (2002) | Am J Sports Med | 4 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | 10 | Low to very low |
| Tivnon29 (1976) | Am J Sports Med | 4 | 12 patients, 15 surgeries | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | N/A (retrospective) | 4 (based off of return to sport only) | Low to very low |
| Tsuda30 (2005) | Arthroscopy | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30/33 lost to follow-up | 3 | Low to very low |
| Uchida31 (2015) | Am J Sports Med | 4 | 18 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 17 | Low to very low |
| Yamamoto34 (2006) | Am J Sports Med | 4 | 18 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Only mean Timmerman-Andrews scores given; individual breakdown not provided | Low to very low |
aDASH, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand; N/A, not applicable; postop, postoperative.