Table 1. Demographic data and clinical characteristics of the study population.
| Variables | Total(n = 1799) | Age groups | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40-49(n = 584) | 50-59(n = 615) | 60-69(n = 414) | ≥70(n = 186) | |||
| Male [n(%)] | 726(40.4) | 231(39.6) | 240(39.0) | 168(40.6) | 87(46.8) | 0.284 |
| Formal Edu [n(%)] | <0.001 | |||||
| Uneducated | 228(12.7) | 13(2.2) | 38(6.2) | 86(20.8) | 91(48.9) | |
| Primary school | 518(28.8) | 100(17.1) | 133(21.6) | 217(52.4) | 68(36.6) | |
| High school or above | 1053(58.5) | 471(80.7) | 444(72.2) | 111(26.8) | 27(14.5) | |
| Edu years [Median(P25, P75), y] | 7(4,8) | 8(7,9) | 8(6,9) | 4(2,7) | 1(0,6) | <0.001 |
| Marital status [n(%)] | <0.001 | |||||
| Married | 1641(91.2) | 567(97.1) | 588(95.6) | 361(87.2) | 125(67.2) | |
| Others | 158(8.8) | 17(2.9) | 27(4.4) | 53(12.8) | 61(32.8) | |
| Tobacco use [n(%)] | 514(28.6) | 169(28.9) | 177(28.8) | 114(27.5) | 54(29) | 0.962 |
| Alcohol consumption [n(%)] | 252(14.0) | 91(15.6) | 85(13.8) | 51(12.3) | 25(13.4) | 0.522 |
| Lack of physical activity [n(%)] | 274(15.2) | 59(10.1) | 85(13.8) | 64(15.5) | 66(35.5) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities [n(%)] | ||||||
| DM | 220(12.2) | 25(4.3) | 75(12.2) | 75(18.1) | 45(24.2) | <0.001 |
| CHD | 45(2.5) | 2(0.3) | 10(1.6) | 15(3.6) | 18(9.7) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 919(51.1) | 254(43.5) | 338(55.0) | 220(53.1) | 107(57.5) | <0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 11(0.6) | 1(0.2) | 2(0.3) | 6(1.4) | 2(1.1) | - |
| TIA | 31(1.7) | 5(0.9) | 9(1.5) | 12(2.9) | 5(2.7) | 0.065 |
| Family history [n(%)] | ||||||
| Stroke | 353(19.6) | 141(24.1) | 130(21.1) | 67(16.2) | 15(8.1) | <0.001 |
| HP | 557(31.0) | 210(36.0) | 202(32.8) | 112(27.1) | 33(17.7) | <0.001 |
| CHD | 116(6.4) | 44(7.5) | 47(7.6) | 20(4.8) | 5(2.7) | 0.030 |
| DM | 146(8.1) | 67(11.5) | 52(8.5) | 19(4.6) | 8(4.3) | <0.001 |
| Antihypertensive drugs [n(%)] | 250(13.9) | 28(4.8) | 86(14.0) | 93(22.5) | 43(23.1) | <0.001 |
| Beta-blockers | 8(0.4) | 0(0) | 2(0.3) | 5(1.2) | 1(0.5) | - |
| Diuretics | 46(2.6) | 6(1.0) | 19(3.1) | 16(3.9) | 5(2.7) | - |
| CCB | 63(3.5) | 9(1.5) | 28(4.6) | 18(4.3) | 8(4.3) | 0.020 |
| ACEI | 64(3.6) | 10(1.7) | 25(4.1) | 19(4.6) | 10(5.4) | 0.025 |
| ARB | 9(0.5) | 2(0.3) | 4(0.7) | 3(0.7) | 1(0.5) | - |
| Others | 104(5.8) | 5(0.9) | 30(4.9) | 44(10.6) | 25(13.4) | <0.001 |
| Physical examination [n(%)] | ||||||
| Cardiac murmur | 30(1.7) | 2(0.3) | 11(1.8) | 9(2.2) | 8(4.3) | - |
| Arrhythmia | 43(2.4) | 7(1.2) | 12(2.0) | 14(3.4) | 10(5.4) | - |
| SBP [Mean(SD), mmHg] | 131.73(18.39) | 124.25(15.04) | 132.15(17.49) | 136.41(18.76) | 143.45(20.25) | <0.001 |
| SBP≥140 mmHg [n(%)] | 680(37.8) | 121(20.7) | 242(39.3) | 200(48.3) | 117(62.9) | <0.001 |
| DBP [Mean(SD), mmHg] | 81.90(10.17) | 79.78(9.38) | 82.91(10.32) | 83.12(10.51) | 82.48(10.34) | <0.001 |
| DBP≥90 mmHg [n(%)] | 516(28.7) | 121(20.7) | 205(33.3) | 140(33.8) | 50(26.9) | <0.001 |
| MABP [Mean(SD), mmHg] | 98.51(11.97) | 94.60(10.63) | 99.33(11.88) | 100.88(12.27) | 102.80(12.31) | <0.001 |
| MABP≥100 mmHg [n(%)] | 773(43.0) | 161(27.6) | 286(46.5) | 213(51.4) | 113(60.8) | <0.001 |
| HBP [n(%)] | 776(43.1) | 157(26.9) | 284(46.2) | 217(52.4) | 118(63.4) | <0.001 |
| HP history [n(%)] | 422(23.5) | 57(9.8) | 150(24.4) | 141(34.1) | 74(39.8) | <0.001 |
| WHR [Median(P25, P75)] | 0.88(0.84,0.92) | 0.88(0.84,0.91) | 0.88(0.85,0.92) | 0.88(0.85,0.92) | 0.88(0.84,0.92) | 0.118 |
| BMI[Mean(SD), kg/m2] | 25.31(3.21) | 25.27(3.33) | 25.57(3.14) | 25.39(3.14) | 24.36(2.99) | <0.001 |
| Pulse Rate [Mean(SD)] | 75.32(8.82) | 75.83(8.80) | 74.75(9.4) | 75.72(8.28) | 74.73(7.91) | 0.101 |
| Biochemical examination | ||||||
| FBG [Median(P25,P75), mmol/L] | 5.4(5.07,5.84) | 5.32(5.01,5.70) | 5.40(5.08,5.79) | 5.46(5.06,6.00) | 5.59(5.21,6.21) | <0.001 |
| TG [Median(P25,P75), mmol/L] | 1.44(1.02,2.01) | 1.28(0.92,1.84) | 1.51(1.06,2.12) | 1.46(1.10,2.05) | 1.55(1.14,2.01) | <0.001 |
| TC [Mean(SD), mmol/L] | 5.05(1.00) | 4.86(0.92) | 5.09(1.01) | 5.16(1.04) | 5.20(1.02) | <0.001 |
| LDL [Mean(SD), mmol/L] | 3.32(0.90) | 3.19(0.82) | 3.36(0.95) | 3.38(0.90) | 3.42(0.93) | <0.001 |
| HDL [Mean(SD), mmol/L] | 1.40(0.31) | 1.36(0.30) | 1.40(0.30) | 1.43(0.32) | 1.48(0.34) | <0.001 |
| Cognition | ||||||
| MMSE [Median(P25,P75)] | 27(24,29) | 28(26,29) | 27(24,29) | 26(23,28) | 22(17,25) | <0.001 |
| Cognitive impairment [n(%)] | 231(12.8) | 27(4.6) | 88(14.3) | 52(12.6) | 64(34.4) | <0.001 |
Edu, education; HBP, high blood pressure; HP history, conformed history of hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; CHD, coronary heart disease; TIA, transient ischemic attack; CCB, calcium channel blockers; ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; BMI, body mass index; FBG, fasting blood glucose; TG, triglycerides; TC, total cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; “-”, lack of a suitable statistical method to test the difference due to the low prevalence.