In vitro anti-angiogenic effects of NTV1 on HUVECs. NTV1 was added to HUVECs (4.5×103 cells/well) at the indicated concentrations (0, 10, 100 and 1000 nmol/L) and incubated overnight. The following day, endothelial tube formation was digitally photographed with an inverted microscope. (A, B) Endothelial cell tube formation was quantified by manual counting in high power fields (×100), (A) 1000 nmol/L NTV1; (B) untreated group: HUVECs without NTV1. (C) Percentage inhibition is expressed using the untreated group as 100%. Mean±SEM. n=3. *P<0.05.