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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016 Feb 15;161:247–257. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.02.008

Table 2.

Summary of demographic, psychiatric, personality, and neurocognitive measures that uniquely or commonly predict heroin- or amphetamine-depenence

Predictors Demographic Psychiatric Personality Neurocognitive
Common to heroin & amphetamine None PCL:SV Factor 2 Inline graphic None None
Unique to heroin IQ Inline graphic PCL:SV Factor 1 Inline graphic BIS Nonplanning Inline graphic IMT FN Inline graphic
SST 50ms Inline graphic
Fagerstrom Inline graphic UPPS Urgency Inline graphic CGT DA Inline graphic
BART Inline graphic
BWAQ Ind Inline graphic SST 350ms Inline graphic
Education Inline graphic State Anxiety Inline graphic BWAQ Anger Inline graphic CGT RT Inline graphic
UPPS LPe Inline graphic IMT d′ Inline graphic
BDI Inline graphic BWAQ Phys Inline graphic CGT DT Inline graphic
BIS Attention Inline graphic IGT-ABCD Inline graphic
ASPD Inline graphic BIS Motor Inline graphic CGT QDM Inline graphic
WURS Inline graphic UPPS SS Inline graphic IGT-EFGH Inline graphic
Unique to amphetamine Family history Inline graphic None None DRDT, ln(k) Inline graphic
Opposite in heroin & amphetamine Age Inline graphic Length of abstinence Inline graphic SSS DIS Inline graphic
SSS ES Inline graphic
BWAQ Hostility Inline graphic 		CGT DT Inline graphic

Note: PCL:SV = Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version; BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; ASPD = Antisocial Personality Disorder; WURS = Wender Utah Rating Scale for ADHD; BIS = Barratt Impulsiveness Scale; BWAQ = Buss-Warren Aggression Questionnaire; SSS = Sensation Seeking-Scale; IGT = Iowa Gambling Task; SST = Stop Signal Task; IMT = Immediate Memory Task; DRDT = Delayed Reward Discounting Task; BART = Balloon Analogue Risk Task; CGT = Cambridge Gambling Task; DA = Delay Aversion; DT = Decision Time; QDM = Quality Decision-Making; RA = Risk Adjustment; RT = Risk Taking.