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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Behav. 2016 Jun 14;62:65–72. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.06.019

Table 2. Complete Items for Selected Scales (or Diagnoses).

Child resistance to maternal control (Adolescence; Mean age=16) (Schaefer & Finkelstein, 1975) 2

  1. Does your child do what (he/she) wants to instead of what you tell (him/her)?

  2. Does your child often break your rules?

  3. Does your child try to see what (he/she) can get away with?

  4. Does your child seldom follow your orders unless you insist?

  5. Does your child seldom obey you unless you keep after (him/her)?

Alcohol and substance use problems (Mean age=27)1

  1. How often had you had trouble at school or on the job/work because of your use of alcohol or drugs?

  2. How often had you drove unsafely because of your use of alcohol or drugs?

  3. How often had you had arguments/fights with family/friends because of your use of alcohol or drugs?

  4. How often had you had trouble with the police because of your use of alcohol or drugs?

  5. How often had you become depressed or lost interest in things because of your use of alcohol or drugs?

  6. How often had you had health problems because of your use of alcohol or drugs?

  7. How often had you got less work done than usual at school or on the job because of your use of alcohol or drugs?

Major Depressive Episode (Mean age=37)(American Psychiatric Association, 1994; Kessler et al., 1994)
Diagnosis: At least 5 of the following symptoms, including 1 and/or 2, must have been present during a period in the past 5 years.

  1. Consistently depressed or down most of the day, nearly every day.

  2. Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities.

  3. Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain.

  4. Hypersomnia or insomnia nearly every day.

  5. Psychomotor agitation or retardation.

  6. Feeling tired nearly every day.

  7. Feeling worthlessness or inappropriate guilt.

  8. Problems concentrating.

  9. Recurrent thoughts about death.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (Mean age=37)(American Psychiatric Association, 1994; Kessler et al., 1994)
Diagnosis: Criterion A and At least 5 of the following symptoms, including 1 and 2, must have been present during a 6-month period in the past 5 years.

  1. Within the last 5 years, have you ever had a period lasting 6 months or more when you would worry excessively or were anxious about several things?

  1. During this period of 6 months or more, were these worries present most days?

  2. Was it difficult to control the worries or the worries interfered with your ability to focus on what you were doing?

  3. During this period of 6 months or more in which you were anxious, did you most of the time…
    1. Feel restless.
    2. Feel tired or weak.
    3. Feel tense.
    4. Feel irritable.
    5. Have sleep problems.
    6. Difficulty concentrating.

Note:

1

The same items were also assessed for alcohol and substance use problems (Mean age=32);

2

The same items were also assessed for child resistance to paternal control (Adolescence; Mean age=16).