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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Behav. 2016 Jun 14;62:65–72. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.06.019

Table 3. Psychosocial Scales, Number of Items, Sample Items, and Cronbach's Alpha.

Scale Number of Items Sample Item Cronbach's Alpha
Dependent variable
 Symptoms of Internet Addiction (Mean age=43) 8 Do you feel preoccupied with the Internet? .70
Independent latent constructs and manifest variables
Conflictual parent-child relationship (Mean age=16)
 Child resistance to maternal control 5 Does your child do what (he/she) wants to instead of what you tell (him/her)? .90
 Child resistance to paternal control 5 Does your child do what (he/she) wants to instead of what his/her father tell (him/her)? .88
Internalizing behaviors (Mean age=21)
 Depressive mood 5 Over the last few years, how much were you bothered by feeling low in energy or slowed down? .78
 Anxiety 4 Over the last few years, how much were you bothered by feeling fearful? .68
 Interpersonal difficulty 6 Over the last few years, how much were you bothered by feeling easily annoyed or irritated with other people? .79
Alcohol and substance use problems (Mean age=27 - 32)
 Alcohol and substance use problems (Mean age=27) 7 How often have you had trouble with the police because of your use of alcohol or drugs? .79
 Alcohol and substance use problems (Mean age=32) 7 How often have you had trouble with the police because of your use of alcohol or drugs? .85
Affective disorders (Mean age=37)
 Major Depressive Episode (MDE) 9 During the past five years, has there been a time during which you have been consistently depressed or down most of the day, nearly every day, for at least two weeks in a row? N.A.
 Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) 8 During the past five years, have you ever had a period lasting six months or more when you worried excessively or were anxious about several things most of the days? N.A.